section 1

Cards (6)

  • Characteristics shared by living organisms
    • Require nutrition
    • Respire
    • Excrete waste
    • Respond to surroundings
    • Move
    • Control internal conditions
    • Reproduce
    • Grow and develop
  • Eukaryotic organisms: Plants, Animals, Fungi, Protoctists
    • Multicellular
    • Plants have chloroplasts and carry out photosynthesis, have cellulose cell walls, store carbohydrates as starch or sucrose
    • Animals lack chloroplasts and cannot photosynthesize, have no cell walls, have nervous coordination and can move, store carbohydrates as glycogen
    • Fungi cannot photosynthesize, have a mycelium structure with hyphae, some are single-celled, have chitin cell walls, use saprotrophic nutrition, store carbohydrates as glycogen
    • Protoctists are microscopic single-celled, some have animal-like features, some have chloroplasts and are more plant-like
  • Prokaryotic organisms: Bacteria
    • Microscopic single-celled
    • Have cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, plasmids
    • Lack a nucleus but have a circular chromosome of DNA
    • Some can photosynthesize, most feed off other living or dead organisms
  • Pathogen
    Fungi, bacteria, protoctists or viruses that can cause disease
  • Viruses
    • Not living organisms, small parasitic particles
    • Reproduce only inside living cells
    • Wide variety of shapes and sizes
    • No cellular structure, have a protein coat and contain DNA or RNA
  • Pathogenic examples
    • Plasmodium (causes malaria)
    • Tobacco mosaic virus (causes discolouring of tobacco leaves)
    • Influenza virus (causes flu)
    • HIV virus (causes AIDS)