referred to as cognitive ability, 'the ability to derive info, learn from experience, adapt to environment, understand, and correctly utilise thought and reason'
spearman's g factor
general intelligence, if a person excels in one area will also do well in other areas, supports the belief that intelligence can be measured by a single number, IQ score
IQ
intelligence quotient, score given in an intelligence test, formula = mental age (based on score of IQ test) / actual age X 100
gardner's multiple intelligences theory
intelligence cannot be measured by a single number, holistic, suggested there are multiple intelligences, e.g naturalist, spatial, linguistic
gender affecting intelligence
halpern (1997), women obtain higher than average scores in tests involving verbal fluency and areas of knowledge, e.g foreign languages, but men perform better with tasks that involve spatial skills, e.g scientific reasoning
differences in the brain due to gender
haier et al, men have more grey matter in frontal and parietal lobes, which are associated with motor skills whereas women have more grey matter in the frontal lobe and broca's area which are associated with speech and writing
genetic factors on intelligence
the belief that intelligence is passed down by genetics from parents, previous twin studies have found that the genetic effects on intelligence could be 25% to 50%
