WEEK 4 SCI

• anything that has mass and occupies space

  matter
• It is substance made up of two or more different elements that have been chemically joined

  compound
• Smallest unit of matter

  atom
• a material made up of two or more different chemical substances which are not chemically bonded.

  mixture
• An atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons

  ion
• a single electron or one of two or more electrons in the outer shell of an atom that is responsible for the chemical properties of the atom

  valence electron
• The change of the state of the matter from the gas phase into the liquid phase.

  condensation
• The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

  atomic number
• The association of atoms or ions to form molecules, crystals, and other structures.

  chemical bonding
• The association of atoms or ions to form molecules, crystals, and other structures.

  electron configuration
• known as the "energy in motion"

  kinetic energy
• described as the measure of how hot or cold an object is

  temperature
• the force divided by the total surface area. measured in standard atmospheric pressure

  pressure
• space occupied by matter

  volume
• known as the substance and is measured in moles

  amount of substance
• known as the different generalizations about the behavior of gases

  kinetic molecular theory of gas
• found Boyle's Law. natural philosopher, chemist, physicist, alchemist and inventor.

  Robert Boyle, Anglo-Irish
• It states that the volume of a fixed amount of gas held at a constant temperature varies inversely with the pressure.

  Boyle's law
• Boyle's law formula

  $P₁V₁ =$$P₂V₂$
• P1= Initial pressure


  P2= Final pressure


  V1= Initial volume


  V2= Final volume
• • force exerted by gas against the container
  • measured in atmosphere (atm), millimeters of mercury (mmHg), Torr, kPa (Kilopascals)


  Boyle's Law - pressure
• • space occupied by Gas
  • measured in following units: mL (Milliliters), mL(Milliliters), L (Liters), (Cubic centimeters), (Cubic meters)


  Boyle's Law - volume
• found Charles' law. a French inventor, scientist, mathematician, and balloonist.

  Jacques Charles
• states that the volume and temperature of a gas is directly proportional given that the pressure and mass are held constant.

  Charles' Law
• V1= Initial volume

  V2= Final volume


  T1= Initial temperature


  T2= Final temperature
• measure of the warmth or coldness of a body

  Temperature
• The units for temperature are (Charles' law)

  Fahrenheit (F), Celsius (C), Kelvin (K)
• states that the pressure and temperature of a gas is directly proportional given that the mass and volume are held constant.

  Gay Lussac's law
• Found Avogadro's law. an Italian mathematical physicist.

  Amedeo Avogadro
• states that the volume and the number of moles of gas are directly proportional given that the pressure and temperature are held constant.

  Avogadro's law
• Found by Benoît Paul Émile Clapeyron, French engineer and physicist.

  Ideal Gas Law
• An ideal gas which the particles do not:

  (a) do not attract or repel one another

  (b) take up no space