psychdyn

• Inadequate superegos


  Formed at the end of the phallic stage and containing the child's internalised sense of right and wrong from their same-sex parent, as suggested by Freud
• Types of inadequate superegos

  • Deviant superego
  • Weak superego
  • Over-harsh superego
• Deviant superego


  The child will internalise abnormal moral standards from their criminal parents
• Weak superego


  Present due to a lack of identification with the same-sex parent during the phallic stage, perhaps because they were absent
• Over-harsh superego


  Craves for punishment due to being accustomed to such a feeling because the child had grown up with over-harsh parents
• Dysfunctional superego


  The id is able to exercise control and be selfish/ demand instant gratification, thus leading to the selfish and impulsive characteristics of criminals
• Maternal deprivation theory


  The absence of a mother-figure or mother-substitute during the critical period of attachment formation (the first 2 years of life) would result in irreversible emotional and intellectual consequences, namely affectionless psychopathy and mental retardation
• Bowlby's 44 juvenile thieves study


  • Demonstrated the consequences of maternal deprivation