Health

• A balanced diet contains the correct amount of all food groups.
• The food groups are: Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals, Water
• Too much food may cause obesity and too little food may cause malnutrition.
• Carbohydrates provide energy. They are found is bread, potatoes, rice and pasta.
• Lipids (fats and oils) provide energy. Lipid-rich foods include butter and chips.
• Proteins provide materials to make new cells and to repair damaged tissues, such as muscles. Beans, eggs, fish, meat and milk are high in protein.
• Vitamins are vital in many processes. For example, vitamin K helps blood to clot and vitamin C prevents illness. Fruit and vegetables vitamin-rich.
• There are 16 essential minerals. These include iron, used to transport oxygen in the blood, and calcium, used in making bones and teeth.
• Fibre is not a nutrient. It cannot be absorbed by the body and contains no calories or vitamins, however it is necessary for a balanced and healthy diet.
• Fibre adds bulk to food, and helps it to pass through the digestive system. Fibre also prevents constipation and heart disease.
• Fruit, vegetables and wholegrain cereals are high in fibre.
• Drinking water frequently replaces the water lost in urine, sweat and breathing out.
• Obese is a medical term used to describe a person with a high excess of body fat.
• An obese person is at greater risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease and some types of cancer.
• Energy balance is the relationship between energy input (calories consumed through food and drink) and energy output (calories used by the body for our energy requirements).
• A person may become obese by eating food that supplies more energy than they need.
• Obesity increases the risk of life-threatening health problems, such as heart diseases, stroke, type 2 diabetes and some types of cancer.
• Malnutrition is a serious health problem. It happens when people do not eat the right amounts of nutrients.
• Too little food, or a lack of nutrients, can cause deficiency diseases or death.
• There are five food groups which are dairy, fruits and vegetables, protein, fats and oils and carbohydrates.
• Fruit and vegetables contain vitamins to keep the body working and help the immune system and fibre which helps digestion.
• Proteins build healthy muscles and allow the body to grow and repair.
• Fats and oils act as an energy store.
• Carbohydrates keep energy levels up.
• Dairy contains calcium for strong teeth and bones,
• Iodine solution is used to test for starch.