SEM 2 USH

• Progressivism


  A political and social movement that sought to address the economic, political, and social problems in the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries
• Goals of the Progressive Movement


  • Social
  • Moral
  • Economic
  • Political
• Belief about government's role

  The government should play an active role in addressing social, economic, and political problems
• Imperialism


  The policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force
• Reasons for US Imperialism

  • Global competition
  • Desire for military strength
  • New markets
  • Belief in cultural superiority
• Territories acquired by the US

  • Alaska
  • Hawaii
• Yellow Journalism


  The practice of sensationalizing news stories to increase readership and influence public opinion
• Spanish-American War


  A conflict between the United States and Spain in 1898, which resulted in the US gaining control of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines
• Theodore Roosevelt


  • He was portrayed as a hero in the Battle of San Juan Hill, even though he played a minor role
  • He negotiated peace between Russia and Japan
• World War I


  A global conflict that lasted from 1914 to 1918, involving the major world powers at the time
• Causes of World War I

  • Militarism
  • Alliances
  • Imperialism
  • Nationalism
• Alliances in World War I

  The Triple Entente (Russia, Britain, France) and the Triple Alliance (Italy, Germany, Austria-Hungary)
• US Decision to Enter World War I

  Influenced by trade and the peace movement
• Experiences of African Americans in World War I

  • Segregated units
  • Never saw combat
  • Rejected by Marines
  • Manual labor
  • Harlem Hellfighters
• Experiences of Women in World War I

  • Volunteered in the war effort
• Stalemate


  A situation in which neither side in a conflict can gain an advantage over the other
• Federal Government's Role in World War I


  Increased power and influence, including the Espionage Act and Sedition Act
• Armistice


  An agreement to stop fighting, leading to the end of World War I
• Zimmerman Note


  A secret telegram from Germany to Mexico, offering to help Mexico regain lost territory from the US in exchange for joining the war on Germany's side
• Russian Revolution


  The Bolshevik political party seized power in Russia in 1917, leading to the establishment of the Soviet Union and Russia's withdrawal from World War I
• Great Migration


  The movement of African Americans from the rural South to the urban North during and after World War I, seeking better economic opportunities
• Wilson's Fourteen Points


  A program for peace proposed by President Woodrow Wilson, which aimed to establish a just and lasting peace after World War I
• League of Nations


  An international organization proposed by President Wilson to ensure global security and peace, but which the US ultimately refused to join
• Weaknesses of the League of Nations

  • Lack of military force
  • US refusal to join
  • Inability to prevent future wars
• Versailles Treaty

  The peace treaty that ended World War I, which imposed harsh terms on Germany, including the loss of territory and reparations
• German U-boat Policy


  Germany's use of unrestricted submarine warfare, which angered the US and contributed to its entry into World War I
• Schlieffen Plan


  Germany's strategy to avoid a two-front war by quickly defeating France before turning to Russia
• Selective Service Act


  Legislation that instituted conscription, or the draft, during World War I
• Liberty Bonds

  Special war bonds sold to the public to finance the US involvement in World War I
• Government Enforcement of Loyalty

  The repression of civil liberties and dissent during World War I, including the Espionage Act and Sedition Act
• Returning Veterans


  Survivors of World War I who felt that the war had destroyed an entire generation
• Problems after World War I

  Economic problems, including European countries owing the US billions in loans
• Results of World War I

  Massive loss of life, fear of espionage, and the rise of new global powers
• 1920s Prosperity


  A period of economic growth and consumer spending, but also with underlying economic problems and inequality
• NAACP


  An organization that worked to protect African Americans from lynchings and discrimination, and to secure voting rights
• Marcus Garvey


  A leader of the Garvey Movement, which promoted black-owned businesses and a "Back to Africa" movement
• African American Migration


  The Great Migration of African Americans from the rural South to the urban North, seeking better economic opportunities
• Henry Ford


  An industrialist who made cars affordable for the average person, symbolizing the success of the free enterprise system
• Lost Generation


  A group of writers and artists who rejected the quest for material possessions and lived as expatriates
• Kellogg-Briand Pact


  An international agreement that renounced war as a tool of national policy, but was unenforceable