Science 8

Subdecks (1)

Cards (127)

  • Force

    The push and pull applied to an object, an influence that changes the motion of an object
  • Applying force to an object
    1. Object remains stationary
    2. Apply force to move object
    3. Apply force in opposite direction to stop object
  • Force

    • Magnitude (how strong the force is)
    • Direction (where the object goes)
    • Point of application (location where force is applied)
    • Line of action (straight line passing through point of application and parallel to direction of force)
  • Magnitude of force

    Expressed in newton (mks system), dyne (cgs system), pound (fps system)
  • The greater the magnitude of force, the faster the velocity of the object
  • Types of force

    • Contact forces
    • Non-contact forces
  • Contact forces

    • Applied force
    • Friction force
    • Normal force
    • Tension force
  • Applied force

    Force exerted by a person or object towards another person or object
  • Friction force

    Force that goes against the direction of the applied force, causing the object to slow down
  • Normal force

    Upward force exerted by a surface on an object resting on it
  • Tension force

    Force applied to a string, rope, chain, or cable, resisting the force that causes the object to stretch
  • Functions of Cells

    Regeneration, Immune Response, Energy Production, Communication
  • Newton's third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
  • Newton's second law describes how the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.
  • Newton's first law states that an object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force.
  • What is energy defined as?
    Energy is the capacity to do work.
  • What are the main types of energy?
    • Potential Energy
    • Kinetic Energy
  • What does "potential" mean in the context of potential energy?
    "Potential" means the energy has the ability to do something useful later on.
  • What is gravitational potential energy?

    Gravitational potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position above the Earth's surface.
  • What causes gravitational potential energy?

    It is caused by the force of gravity acting on an object.
  • What are the variables that affect potential energy?
    • Mass
    • Gravitational acceleration (due to gravity)
    • Height
  • What is the formula for calculating potential energy?
    PE = mgh
  • What does each variable in the potential energy formula represent?
    m = mass, g = acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s²), h = height.
  • What is the SI unit for potential energy?

    Joules (J)
  • Calculate the potential energy of an object with a mass of 13.0 kg at a height of 4.8 m.
    PE = 611.52 J
  • How does height affect potential energy?
    The higher an object is, the more potential energy it has.
  • How does mass affect potential energy?
    The more mass an object has, the more potential energy it has.
  • What is kinetic energy?

    Kinetic energy is energy in motion.
  • What are the variables that affect kinetic energy?
    • m: mass (kg)
    • v: velocity (m/s)
  • What is the equation for kinetic energy?

    KE = ½mv²
  • Calculate the kinetic energy of a car with a mass of 1600 kg and a velocity of 24 m/s.
    KE = 460,800 J
  • How does speed affect kinetic energy?
    The faster the object moves, the more kinetic energy is produced.
  • What happens to kinetic energy when an object has the least potential energy?
    When an object has the least potential energy, it has the most kinetic energy.
  • What is sound in terms of energy?
    Sound is a form of kinetic energy that results from the vibration of particles in a medium.
  • What are the states of matter in relation to sound?
    • Solid: Definite shape and volume.
    • Liquid: Definite volume.
    • Gas: No definite shape and volume.
  • In which medium does sound travel the fastest?

    Sound travels fastest in solids.
  • How does temperature affect the speed of sound?
    As temperature increases, sound moves faster through the medium.
  • What is the speed of sound in dry air at 0°C?
    331 m/s
  • How does the speed of sound change with temperature?
    The speed of sound increases by 0.6 m/s for each degree Celsius increase in temperature.
  • What is the equation for the speed of sound in relation to temperature?
    V = 331 m/s + 0.6 m/s (T)