Bio-molecules

• Nucleic acids have carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus present. The name of its monomer is nucleotides. Its main role in organisms helps to build proteins (RNA), Stores genetic information for gene traits and genetic instructions. Examples include DNA and RNA
• Proteins have carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes phosphorus and sulfur. The name of its monomer is amino acids and its polymer is polypeptides / proteins. its main role in organisms is to aid in muscle development, act as enzymes, acting in the immune system as antibodies that fight pathogens and disease, as well as being channel proteins that aid in transport through membranes.
• Carbohydrates are made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Their monomers are called monosaccharides and their polymers are polysaccharides. Carbohydrates store energy (e.g starch and glycogen) , structural support and protection (e.g cellulose), and also serve as signalling molecules.
• Lipids contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and sometimes phosphorus atoms. It's monomers are glycerol and fatty acids as well as some other subunits. Lipids store energy, insulate cells from temperature changes, protect organs and tissues, form cell membrane barriers, and function as hormones. examples include triglycerides, steroids, and phospholipids.
• nucleic acid examples


  DNA and RNA
• Protein (polypeptides) examples 


  enzymes, antibodies, muscles, tissue, channel proteins
• carbohydrates examples


  cellulose, starch, glycogen
• lipids examples


  steroids, phospholipids
• organic molecules must contain carbon and hydrogen molecules, and biologically also contains oxygen
• inorganic molecules are molecules that do not contain both carbon and hydrogen. This means that Carbon dioxide and Water are inorganic molecules.
• Polar molecules have a slightly positive and a slightly negatively charged ends and tend to be hydrophilic. Hydrophilic molecules or ions are soluble in water and are attracted to water. such as Sodium ions or chloride ions.
• Non-polar molecules have an evenly distributed charge and are hydrophobic. Hydrophobic molecules are water insoluble and repel water molecules. e.g lipids and oxygen
• monomers

  • are repetitively linked sub-units of polymers such as glucose, nucleotides, and amino acids.
• Polymers

  • are chains of monomers joined covalently such as starch, nucleic acids and proteins,