Genetics sex and gender

• Sex


  femaleness or maleness which relate to the biological attributes of an individual; spectrum and biological
• Gender


  social construct of roles, behaviors, expressions, and identities of an individual; spectrum
• Nuclear Sex


  sexual assignment based on the presence of an inactivated X chromosomes called

  barr bodies
• barr bodies


  inactivated genes associated with female characteristics
• lyonization


  one of the two X chromosomes in every ce l of a female individual is inactivated during embryonic developmen
• Chromosomal Sex


  sex determined by sexual constitution

  -during pregnancy, ALL individuals are female by default
• Klinefelter Syndrome


  Males with an extra X chromosome

  (47,XXY)
• Triplo-X


  Females with an extra X chromosome.

  (47,XXX)
• Non-viable


  An embryo with only one Y chromosome cannot develop into a viable fetus.

  (45,Y)
• Turner Syndrome


  Females with only one X chromosome

  (45,X)
• Jacobs Syndrome


  Males with an extra Y chromosome.

  (47,XYY)
• XXYY Syndrome


  Males with an extra X and Y chromosome

  (48,XXYY)
• Genetic Sex


  sex based on genes that direct the development of genitals
• sex-determining region (SRY)


  switches gonad from development
• Gonodal Sex


  sex determined by gonadal structure, either testicular, ovarian, or in between
• Gonadal Sex


  with various genetic conditions, one may not fully develop a testicle with a penis or an ovary with a vagina, some may develop both structures and some may not develop any
• Endocrinologic Sex


  sex determined by hormones released by the gonads resulting to genital development and secondary sexual characteristics
• Estradiol


  needed by males for sexual function
• Internal Genital Sex


  The mullerian and wolffian ducts
• The Mulerian ducts


  forms the uterus and Fallopian tubes in the absence of Anti-Mullerian hormone
• The Wolffian ducts


  forms the epididymis, vas deferens, and seminal vesicles in the presence of Anti-Mu lerian hormone
• External Genital Sex


  sex identified through external genitalia developed from common precursors during the fetal stage
• Social Sex


  sex is a social construct, assigned and conditioned by our society
• Psychological Sex


  involves one's perception of themselves as defined by their pronouns
• Gender identity


  gender a person believes themself to be without judgment or coercion
• Cis


  external genitalia reflects psychological sex
• Trans


  External genitalia does not reflect psychological sex
• Gender expression


  preferences of a person based on their psychological sex
• Biological sex


  spectrum of sex based on the nuclear to external genital sex
• Sexuality


  sexual attraction
• Romantics


  romantic attraction