MODULE 1 : Respiratory System

• Breathing - the process that delivers oxygen to where it is needed in the body and removes carbon dioxide.
• The skin lining both nostrils is embedded with tiny hairs called _, which act like a filter to catch dust and other small particles in the air we breathe.

  Cilia
• Pharynx - is the opening just behind the nose and mouth and is part of both the respiratory and digestive systems
• Larynx is also known as the _ _ because it houses the vocal chordsand the different muscles used in producing sounds

  Vocal Box
• The end of the trachea is split into two tubes called the _

  Bronchi
• Bronchi also have several thin-walled branches called _

  Bronchioles
• Name the Parts of the Respiratory System

  A) nasal cavity

  B) Pharynx

  C) Larynx

  D) Trachea

  E) bronchus

  F) lungs

  G) diaphragm

  
• The main function of this organ is to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream, and to excrete carbon dioxide into the air.

  Lungs
• These are the processes by which the body takes in oxygen and expels carbon dioxide during breathing.

  Inhalation (inspiration) and Exhalation (expiration)
• trachea - The windpipe. It is a wide , hollow tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi of the lungs. The tube through which respiratory gas transport takes place.

  
• Both food and air pass through the pharynx; it is lined with tissues called tonsils which can partially obstruct the passage of either of the two.


  
• Epiglottis - a cartilage found at the top of the larynx, aids in closing it tightly to prevent the passage of food or liquids.

  
• Alveoli - Air sacs, where most of the gas exchange happens.


  
• What do animal cells generate in aerobic respiration?

  • Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
  • Carbon dioxide (CO2)
  • Water
• Respiration


  is the physical movement of air into and out of the body. It is the act of exchanging gases.
• 2 Types of Respiration:

  1. External Respiration
  2. Internal Respiration
• External respiration 


  is gas exchange between an organism’s body and its environment
• Internal respiration


  is gas exchange between tissue cells and the bloodstream
• nose


  Main entrance and exit of the air that we breathe.
• Nasal cavity


  is a hollow space within the nose and skull that is lined with hairs and mucus membrane.
• Pharynx and Larynx


  a ring-like muscular tube that acts as the passageway for air, food and liquid. It is located behind the nose and mouth and connects the mouth (oral cavity) and nose to the breathing passages (trachea and lungs) and the esophagus (eating tube).
• bronchi


  is a passage of airway in the respiratory tract that conducts air into the lungs
• bronchioles 


  The narrowest airways of the lungs, 0.5 mm across. Hair like tubes that connect to the alveoli.
• lungs


  The main function of the organ is the process of gas exchange called respiration (or breathing).
• Diaphragm


  A large dome-shaped muscle under the lungs 
• When you breathe in, or inhale, the diaphragm muscle contracts. Inhaling moves the diaphragm down and expands the chest cavity.
• When you breathe out, or exhale, the diaphragm muscle relaxes. The diaphragm and ribs return to their original place.