CS Malaria

• Vector borne disease biologically transmit by insects
• WHO estimates 3.4b people live at risk of malaria. It kills 600k people a year. Most risk people are young children, pregnant women and unvaccinated people. 90% cases occurred in Africa
• Symptoms:

  • muscle aches
  • diarrhoea
  • seizures
  • headaches
• Preventions:

  • mosquito nets
  • get rid of stagnant water
  • anti malarial drugs
• Physical environment

  Breeds in stagnant water and transmission is greatest in areas during and after rainy seasons.

  Longer the rainy season, greater the transmission. Temperatures of 16-32 degrees are mandatory; they tend to form in tropics and subtropics

  Coastal areas have a higher rate of transmission

  Land use can also be determine risk. India studies that close proximity to forested areas increase chances of infection
• Socio-economic environment

  Big impact on risk. Malaria has greatest effect on poorest nations due to lack of investment in projects to develop new vaccines. Factors that affect infection:

  • Housing quality
  • Unsanitary conditions
  • Occupation
  • Income
  • Distance & Accessibility to hospitals
• Impact

  • Malaria kills a child every minute in Africa and accounts for 1/6 deaths amongst children
  • Decreases tourism, inhibits foreign investment and affects crop production
  • Slows economic growth and causes underdevelopment because cost of buying medicine, cost to governments for maintenance and insecticide spraying