nervous system

• The nervous system is split into two main structural systems - the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system.
• The Central nervous system

  made up of the brain and spinal cord
• the peripheral nervous system

  made up of sensory neurones (which transmit action potentials to the CNS) and motor neurones (which transmit action potentials away from the CNS to effectors)
• The peripheral nervous system has two different functional systems- the somatic and autonomic nervous systems.
• The somatic nervous system 


  controls conscious activities. all sensory and motor neurones to skeletal muscles
• autonomic nervous system 


  controls unconscious activities. motor neurones to internal body organs
• The autonomic nervous system is split into the sympathetic and

  parasympathetic nervous systems, which have opposite effects on the body.
• sympathetic nervous system


  gets the body ready for action. releases the neurotransmitter noradrenaline
• parasympathetic nervous system 


  slows down bodily activity. releases the neurotransmitter acetylcholine
• the nervous system

  A) CNS

  B) peripheral

  C) somatic

  D) autonomic

  E) sympathetic

  F) parasympathetic

  
• sympathetic nervous system

  • increases heart rate
  • increases blood pressure
  • increases ventilation rate
  • dilates pupils
  • relaxes bladder walls
  • causes sweat production
• parasympathetic nervous system

  • decreases heart rate
  • decreases blood pressure
  • decreases ventilation rate
  • constricts pupils
  • causes secretion of tears
  • relaxes bladder walls