which erosional process is responsible for a plunge pool?
hydraulic action and abrasion
interlocking spurs are usually formed in the upper course of a river
interlocking spurs
In the upper course, valleys are steep and V-shaped because most erosion happens vertically downwards.
the rivers do not have a lot of energy as there is not a lot of fast-moving water. This lack of energy means that they do not erode sideways (lateral erosion). Instead, they follow the winding path through the valley.
Characteristics of valleys in the upper courses of rivers:
v shaped
steep
In what direction does erosion in the upper courses of rivers happen?