Humans' and civilizations' capacity to adapt to changes in their natural and social surroundings
Depending on the extent of habitat changes, culture changes can range from minor changes in livelihood systems to major transformations of the entire cultural system, including its social, ethnic, psychological, and ideological spheres
Stages of Cultural Adaptation
1. The Honeymoon Stage
2. Disintegration
3. Reintegration or Irritation
4. Autonomy
5. Independence
The Honeymoon Stage
The initial stage in which a person learns about a new culture. Everything is fresh and fascinating
Disintegration
The new environment shocks the individual's culture at this time. After a few weeks, frustrations may begin to surface
Reintegration or Irritation
This stage is influenced by the personality of the individual. The emotions associated with this stage are typically anger and resentment
Autonomy
If the reintegration stage is effectively accomplished, a person has overcome their difficulties and developed an integration strategy
Independence
Since their cultural backgrounds have been changed as a consequence of the adaptation, people returning home may rethink their original cultural practices and discover that some have been altered or reduced
Culture Shock
A sense of confusion and uncertainty sometimes with feelings of anxiety that may affect people exposed to an alien culture or environment without adequate preparation
Culture Shock
Refers to the psychological disorientation that most people experience when they are exposed to a culture different than their own for an extended period of time
Effects of culture shock
Identity
Self-worth
Competence
Security
Belongingness
Effects of culture shock
Anxiety
Fatigue
Negative emotions
Discomfort
Incompetence
Confusion of values
Cultural Competence
The awareness, knowledge, skills, practices, and processes needed to function effectively and appropriately in culturally diverse contexts
Types of Cultural Competence
Systematic Cultural
Cultural competence in the workplace
Professional cultural
Individual cultural
Systematic Cultural
Requires proper norms and procedures, monitoring mechanisms, and sufficient resources to encourage culturally competent behavior and practice at all levels
Cultural competence in the workplace
Requires the skills and resources to satisfy the variety of customers, as well as corporate culture that fosters and evaluate cultural competency as a core business function
Professional cultural
Founded on education and professional development, and cultural competence standards are required to guide individuals in their work lives
Individual cultural
Requires the maximum of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors inside a company, allowing individuals to cooperate with a diverse variety of colleagues
To ensure cultural competence
1. Plan ahead of time. Discover various civilizations and cross-cultural relationships
2. Be aware of your own cultural beliefs, expectations, and biases
3. Individual and team cultural competence is a continual process of learning about cultures, cultural adaptation, and cross-cultural communication
4. Explain key as needed
5. Assist immigrants in assimilating into the society; involve them in the communication process
Benefits of Cultural Competence
Cultural Self-Awareness
Confidence
Interpersonal Skills
Psychological Health
Intercultural Identity
Cultural Self-Awareness
A better understanding of our own world views and how we come to hold them. Improved understanding of our own culture and ability to convey it to others
Confidence
Improved control and competence in cross-cultural relationships. There is less tension and uncertainty in complex situations
Interpersonal Skills
Improved listening and communication abilities. Improved ability to build bridges between people from different cultures, as well as establish and sustain good relationship and collaborations