Ethnicity - internal

• Troyna and Williams


  Individual racism: prejudiced views of teachers and others

  Institutional racism: discrimination built into way institutions operate
• Roithmayr


  Locked-in inequality, historical racism so large no longer needs conscious intent
• Gillborn - critical race theory


  Inequality deeply rooted so feature of system
• Gillborn - marketisation and segregation 


  Allows -ve stereotypes to influence admission decisions
• Ethnocentric curriculum


  Policy that gives priority to the culture/view of one ethnic group
• Coard - Ethnocentric curriculum


  History (black as inferior) - undermines self esteem = fail

  however, Indian and Chinese achieve high even when culture isn’t taught
• Gillborn - assessment


  Rigged to validate dominant culture (black succeed rules changed)
• Access to opportunities and new IQism


  Gifted and talented programme (white 5x more likely than black)
• Gillborn - access to opportunities and new IQism


  Ideological function, conceal racism so seems fair and meritocratic