atomic structure and the periodic table

Cards (93)

  • Name the three particles that make up an atom
    protons, neutrons, electrons
  • Where are the protons found?
    nucleus
  • Where are electrons found?
    In shells around the nucleus
  • where are neutrons found?
    nucleus
  • Charge of a proton
    +1
  • Charge of an electron
    -1
  • charge of a neutron
    0
  • mass of proton
    1
  • mass of neutron
    1
  • Mass of an electron
    1/2000
  • number of protons
    atomic number
  • number of electrons (in a neutral atom)
    same as the number of protons/atomic number
  • which number is the atomic number?
    the smaller number on the element symbol
  • What makes up the atomic mass?
    neutrons plus protons
  • Number of neutrons
    mass number - atomic number
  • what does the group number tell you?
    the number of electrons in the outer shell
  • what does the period/row tell you?

    the number of shells the atom has
  • which number is the atomic mass number
    the bigger number on the element symbol
  • How many electrons can fit into the first shell?
    2
  • How many electrons can fit into the all the other shells except the first one?
    8
  • ionic bond
    Strong electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions
  • covalent bond

    The strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms
  • metallic bond
    strong electrostatic attraction between a positive metal ion and the delocalised electrons surrounding it
  • Ionic bonding is between
    metal and non-metal
  • covalent bonding is between

    non-metals
  • metallic bond is between
    metals
  • positive ions are formed when

    atoms lose electrons
  • negative ions are formed when
    atoms gain electrons
  • charge on the ions formed by group 1 elements
    +1
  • charge on ions formed by group 7
    -1
  • charge on ions formed by group 2
    +2
  • charge on ions formed by group 6
    -2
  • charge on ions formed by group 5
    -3
  • charge on ions formed by group 3
    +3
  • Group 0/8 do not form ions because
    they have a full outer shell
  • hydroxide ion

    OH-
  • ammonium ion
    NH4+
  • carbonate ion

    CO3 2-
  • Nitrate ion

    NO3-
  • sulphate ion
    SO4 2-