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chemistry
atomic structure and the periodic table
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Cards (93)
Name the three particles that make up an atom
protons
,
neutrons
, electrons
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Where are the protons found?
nucleus
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Where are electrons found?
In shells around the
nucleus
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where are neutrons found?
nucleus
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Charge of a proton
+1
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Charge of an electron
-1
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charge of a neutron
0
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mass of
proton
1
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mass of neutron
1
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Mass of an electron
1/2000
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number of
protons
atomic
number
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number of electrons (in a neutral atom)
same as the number of
protons
/
atomic
number
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which number is the atomic number?
the
smaller
number on the
element
symbol
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What makes up the atomic mass?
neutrons
plus
protons
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Number of neutrons
mass number
-
atomic number
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what does the group number tell you?
the number of
electrons
in the
outer shell
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what does the period/row tell
you
?
the
number of shells
the
atom has
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which number is the atomic mass number
the
bigger
number on the
element
symbol
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How many electrons can fit into the first shell?
2
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How many electrons can fit into the all the other shells except the first one?
8
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ionic bond
Strong electrostatic attraction between
positive
and
negative
ions
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covalent
bond
The strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of
electrons
and the
nuclei
of the bonded atoms
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metallic bond
strong electrostatic attraction between a
positive
metal ion and the
delocalised
electrons surrounding it
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Ionic bonding is between
metal
and
non-metal
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covalent bonding
is between
non-metals
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metallic bond is between
metals
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positive
ions are formed when
atoms
lose
electrons
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negative ions are formed when
atoms gain electrons
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charge on the ions formed by group 1 elements
+1
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charge on ions formed by group 7
-1
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charge on ions formed by group 2
+
2
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charge on ions formed by group 6
-2
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charge on ions formed by group 5
-3
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charge on ions formed by group 3
+
3
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Group 0/8 do not form ions because
they have a
full outer shell
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hydroxide
ion
OH-
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ammonium ion
NH4+
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carbonate
ion
CO3
2-
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Nitrate
ion
NO3-
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sulphate ion
SO4 2-
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