GRAHAM'S REFORMS, 1832

• NEW SHIPS AND GUNNERY

  • Systematic programme of refitting existing ships and building new battleships.
  • Set up a permanent school of gunnery- HMS Excellent.
  • Clear routines of loading and firing a single round were encouraged rather than double or triple shotting.
• PROMOTION

  • Graham introduced a regulation that set out a minimum amount of service an officer had to have to move up the ranks.
  • An officer must have had two years of experience at sea as a lieutenant.
  • Did not solve the long Navy List, but did ensure a certain amount of professional experience.
• SUPPLY

  • Abolition of the Naval Office and Victualing Board.
  • Five principal officers would each be in charge of a certain area: surveyor of the navy; accountant-general of the navy; storekeeper-general of the navy, controller of the victualling; and medical director-general.
  • Communication became much quicker.