Poverty and inequality

• What is the relative poverty rate in the UK before housing costs?

  1/5th of the population
• What is the relative poverty rate in the UK after housing costs in 2023/24?

  1/6th of the population
• What is the absolute poverty rate in the UK before housing costs?

  12%
• What is the absolute poverty rate in the UK after housing costs in 2023/24?

  9%
• What was the poverty rate in France in 2022?

  Approximately 14.6%
• How many homeless people were there in the UK in 2021?

  330,000
• What was the official poverty rate in the United States in 2022?

  11.5%
• How many people were living in poverty in the United States in 2022?

  38.5 million
• What was the supplemental poverty measure in the United States in 2022?

  12.4%
• What factors does the supplemental poverty measure account for?

  • Government assistance
  • Geographic cost variations
• What was the Gini coefficient for disposable income in the UK in 2022?

  35.5%
• What does the income distribution in the UK show?

  • Top 20% receive 36% of total income
  • Bottom 20% receive 8% of total income
• What was the Gini coefficient for disposable income in France in 2022?

  Around 29.3%
• What does the income distribution in France indicate?

  • Top 10% receive about 23% of total income
• What was the Gini coefficient for disposable income in the United States in 2022?

  48.6%
• What is the significance of the poverty measurement before housing costs?

  • Provides a measure of income without housing expenses
  • Often results in lower poverty rates
• What is the impact of housing costs on poverty rates?

  They often increase poverty rates significantly
• What is the relationship between income distribution and poverty?

  • Unequal income distribution can lead to higher poverty rates
  • Disparities in income affect overall economic health
• How does the Gini coefficient relate to income inequality?

  A higher Gini coefficient indicates greater inequality
• Why is it important to measure poverty before and after housing costs?

  To understand the true economic situation of individuals
• What are the implications of rising homelessness numbers?

  • Indicates economic distress
  • Reflects inadequacies in housing policies
• What is the trend in homelessness in the UK as of 2021?

  Increased to 330,000 people
• What are the challenges in addressing poverty and inequality?

  • Complex socio-economic factors
  • Need for targeted policies and interventions
• What is the significance of the housing costs in poverty measurement?

  They significantly affect poverty rates
• How do government assistance programs impact poverty rates?

  • They can reduce poverty rates
  • They may not address all poverty causes
• What percentage of total income do households receive?

  Over 50%
• What percentage of total income do the bottom 20% receive?

  About 3%
• What does the Poverty Measurement Before Housing Costs (BHC) indicate?

  • Measures income without housing expenses
  • Often results in lower poverty rates
• What does the Poverty Measurement After Housing Costs (AHC) reflect?

  • Measures actual disposable income after housing costs
  • Often results in higher poverty rates
• How does the US poverty rate compare to the UK and France?

  It has a lower official poverty rate
• What does the SPM indicate about living costs and government assistance?

  It shows the impact of living costs and assistance
• How does France's poverty rate compare to the UK and the US?

  It has a slightly lower poverty rate
• What are the key observations regarding income inequality in the US?

  • The US has the highest income inequality
  • Indicated by its Gini coefficient
• How do the UK and France compare in terms of income inequality?

  They have lower and similar levels
• What is the significance of the question about before or after redistricting distribution?

  It questions the impact of policy on income distribution
• What is the impact of policies aimed at helping businesses?

  • They may be more impactful than income redistribution policies
• What is the impact of policies aimed at redistributing income?

  • They may be less impactful than business aid policies