Reproduction

• Sexual reproduction produces genetically different cells PT1

  • sexual reproduction is where genetic information from 2 organisms is combined to produce offspring - genetically different by each parent
  • in sexual reproduction the mother and father have to produce gametes by meiosis (sperm & egg)
  • in humans each gamete has 23 chromosomes half in each normal cell
  • The egg and the sperm cell then fertilise to for, a cell with the full number of chromosomes
• Sexual reproduction produces genetically different cells PT2

  • sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes because there are 2 parents, the offspring conatin a mixture of their parents' genes
  • the offspring inherits features from both parents - mix of chromosomes
  • this mixture of genetic information produces variation in offspring
  • flowering plants also produce this way too, they have egg cells but instead of sperm they use pollen
• Asexual reproduction produces genetically identical offspring

  • in asexual reproduction there is only 1 parent so they are genetically identical to the parent
  • asexual reproduction happens by mitosis - an ordinary cell makes a new cell by dividing in 2
  • the new cell has exactly the same genetic information
  • asexual reproduction has no fusion of gametes no mixing chromosomes and no genetic variation between parents and offspring. the offspring is genetically identical to the parents
  • bacterian some plants and some animals reproduce asexually