FEC

• Research


  A process of systematic inquiry that entails collection of data; documentation of critical information; and analysis and interpretation of that data/information
• Education research


  The scientific field of study that examines education and learning processes and the human attributes, interactions, organizations, and institutions that shape educational outcomes
• Educational research aims to describe, understand, and explain how learning takes place throughout a person’s life
• Educational research embraces the full spectrum of rigorous methods appropriate to the questions being asked
• Purpose of educational research

  Improving educational practice by analyzing the world of Education to understand it and make it better
• Objectives of educational research

  • Explore issues and find answers to questions
  • Share policy
  • Improve practice
• Purpose of educational research

  • Understanding student behavior
  • Understanding educational phenomena
  • Information decision making
  • Improving teaching practice
  • Evaluating programs and interventions
• Fundamental or Basic Research


  The formal and systematic process of deductive-inductive analysis, leading to the development of theories
• Inductive reasoning


  Based on observations and not any hypothesis
• Deductive reasoning


  Requires a hypothesis or a statement that has to be true under specified conditions for validity
• Basic Research Examples


  • A study of how stress affects labor productivity
  • Studying the best factors of pricing strategies
  • Understanding the client’s level of satisfaction
  • Understanding the leadership style of a particular company
• Applied research


  Adapts the theories developed through fundamental research to the solution of problems
• Educational fields use applied research to test teaching processes and improve methods of teaching and learning
• Applied research combines both quantitative and qualitative data-gathering methods from primary sources
• Applied Research Examples


  • Understanding the scope of online learning initiatives
  • Improving teacher-to-student classroom engagement
  • Testing the new mathematics program
• Action research


  A research method that aims to simultaneously investigate and solve an issue
• Types of action research

  • Participatory action research
  • Practical action research
• Participatory action research


  Emphasizes that participants should be members of the community being studied
• Practical action research


  Focuses on how research is conducted and is designed to address and solve specific issues
• Action research models


  Operational action research<|>Collaboration action research<|>Critical reflection action research
• Quantitative research


  Applied to describe current conditions, investigate relations, and study cause–effect phenomena
• Qualitative research


  Seeks to probe deeply into the research setting to obtain in-depth understandings about the way things are
• Quantitative research involves the collection and analysis of numerical data
• Qualitative research focuses on exploring subjective experiences and understanding the underlying meanings and interpretations of educational phenomena
• Quantitative research focuses on quantifying relationships, patterns, and trends within educational phenomena.
• Quantitative Research


  • Descriptive Research
  • Survey Research
  • Correlational Research
  • Causal-Comparative Research
  • Experimental Research
• Qualitative research seeks to probe deeply into the research setting to obtain in-depth understandings about the way things are, why they are that way, and how the participants in the context perceive them.
• Qualitative Research


  • Historical research
  • Ethnography
  • Phenomenology
  • Grounded theory
  • Case study
  • Narrative research
  • Ethnomethodology
• Mixed-methods research is a procedure for collecting, analyzing, and “mixing” both quantitative and qualitative methods in a single study or a series of studies to understand a research problem.
• Mixed-Methods Research


  • Explanatory
  • Exploratory
  • Parallel
  • Embedded
  • Multiphase
• The Use of Research in Validating Theories and Establishing Trends in Addressing issues in Mathematics Education.
• Theoretical Frameworks in Mathematics Education

  • Constructivism
  • Sociocultural Theory
  • Cognitive Development Theory
  • Multiple Intelligence Theory
  • Problem-Based Learning Theory
  • Self-Regulated Learning Theory
  • Technology-Enhanced Learning Theory
• Constructivism


  Emphasizes active learning with students constructing their own understanding through interaction with mathematical concepts.
• Sociocultural Theory


  Focuses on the social and cultural context of learning, considering how mathematics is influenced by the surrounding environment.
• Cognitive Development Theory


  Explores how children’s cognitive abilities and development stages impact their understanding of mathematics.
• Multiple Intelligence Theory


  Proposes that individuals possess various types of intelligence, including mathematical intelligence.
• Problem-Based Learning Theory


  Advocates for learning through solving real-world problems.
• Self-Regulated Learning Theory


  Focuses on empowering students to take control of their learning process.
• Technology-Enhanced Learning Theory


  Explores the integration of technology to enhance mathematics education.
• Identifying Trends and Issues in Mathematics Teaching and Learning

  • Technology Integration
  • Flipped Classrooms
  • Personalized Learning
  • Project-Based Learning