Binary and data

• Pixel: a square in the grid of a picture
• Pixels are used to create Bitmap graphics by joining together with other pixels
• Colour is assigned to each pixel with Binary codes
• Colour Depth is the range of colours available in an image
• Resolution:

  Image quality is effected by the resolution of the image. The higher the resolution of an image, the more detail it holds

  Resolution is measured in dots per inch (dpi)
• Binary


  Binary numbers are a number system that uses only two digits: 0 and 1. This is in contrast to the decimal system, which uses the digits 0-9.
• What is a Bitmap?

  Bitmaps are digital images composed of a matrix of dots or pixels, each with a fixed color value, used to store and display pictures in a computer’s memory.

  Also known as Raster Images.
• What is a Vector Image?

  A Vector Image is a graphic format in which images are composed of paths connected by points, rather than pixels, allowing for infinite scalability without loss of quality.
• Vector Images vs Bitmaps

  Vector images offer scalability without quality loss and smaller file sizes compared to Bitmaps, making them ideal for graphics that require resizing or detailed manipulation.
• How does a microphone work?

  A microphone works by converting sound waves into electrical signals using a diaphragm that vibrates in response to air pressure changes caused by sound.
• How are sounds converted from analog to digital


  Sounds are converted from analog to digital through a process called sampling, where the sound wave is split into regular vertical slices, and these measurements for each slice are then encoded as binary data.
• What are lossy and lossless format?


  Lossy formats compress data by removing some detail for smaller file sizes, while lossless formats compress without losing any information, allowing for exact original data restoration.
• What is the sampling rate?

  The sampling rate is the number of times an analog signal is measured (sampled) per second during the analog-to-digital conversion process, typically measured in Hertz (Hz)
• What are common lossless audio formats?

  Common lossless audio formats include FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec), ALAC (Apple Lossless Audio Codec), WAV (Waveform Audio File Format), and AIFF (Audio Interchange File Format).
• What are common lossy audio formats?

  Common lossy audio formats include MP3 (MPEG Audio Layer III), AAC (Advanced Audio Coding), Ogg Vorbis, and WMA (Windows Media Audio).
• What is ASCII?


  ASCII works by assigning a unique numerical value to each letter, digit, and symbol, which computers can use to represent and manipulate text data.
• How does a computer keyboard work?

  A computer keyboard works by sending a signal to the computer when a key is pressed, which corresponds to a specific character or command based on the key’s design and layout.