Cloning

• cloning is done to stop rare plants and animals from going extinct
• taking cuttings

  • new plants can be produced quickly & cheaply
  • cuttings need to be kept in a damp atmosphere till roots grow
• tissue culture

  • few cells are taken & placed on a nutrient agar with auxin to promote root and shoot development
  • they can then be developed normally
  • all the plants produced are genetically identical to the plant
• nuclear fusion cloning

  • few cells from animal being cloned are taken and the nucleus is removed
  • an egg cell is taken from the donor female and nucleus is removed
  • nucleus of animals to be cloned is transferred into the egg cell
  • egg cell is electrically and chemically stimulated to divide
  • soon becomes an embryo
• the cloned embryo could be implanted into a host mother to develop into a baby or could be used for medical treatment
• Embryonic transfer/screening