MEDENGLISH

• Red blood cells and plasma


  Transport substances in the body
• White blood cells


  Fight infection
• Platelets


  Initiate the blood clotting process
• Blood components


  • Plasma
  • Blood cells—erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets
• eosin/o


  rosy red
• myel/o


  bone marrow, spinal cord
• phag/o


  eat, swallow
• • crit

  separation of
• • cytic


  pertaining to cells
• • cytosis


  more than the normal number of cells
• • emia


  blood condition
• • penia


  abnormal decrease
• • phil


  attracted to
• • philia


  condition of being attracted to
• • philic


  pertaining to being attracted to
• • plastic


  pertaining to formation
• • rrhagic


  pertaining to abnormal flow
• • stasis


  standing still
• The average adult has about five liters of blood
• Blood is a mixture of cells floating in watery plasma
• Types of blood cells

  • Erythrocytes (red blood cells)
  • Leukocytes (white blood cells)
  • Platelets
• Blood cells are produced in the bone marrow
• Plasma


  About 55% of the blood, 90–92% water and 8–10% dissolved substances including proteins
• Erythrocytes


  Red blood cells, enucleated biconcave disks, contain hemoglobin to transport oxygen, live 120 days and are removed from circulation by the liver
• Leukocytes


  White blood cells, spherical with a large nucleus, provide protection against pathogens, include granulocytes (with granules) and agranulocytes (without granules)
• Granulocytes


  • Basophils release histamine and heparin, Eosinophils destroy parasites and increase during allergic reactions, Neutrophils engulf foreign material and dead cells via phagocytosis
• Agranulocytes


  • Monocytes engulf foreign and damaged cells via phagocytosis, Lymphocytes provide protection during the immune response
• Platelets


  Smallest formed element of the blood, platelike fragments of larger cells, critical to blood clotting, agglutinate at site of damage and release substances that contribute to clot formation
• Each person's blood is different from the blood of others due to marker proteins on the surface of erythrocytes
• Blood typing must be done before a blood transfusion to determine if donor blood is compatible with recipient blood
• ABO system


  There are two possible red blood cell markers, A and B, which determine blood types A, B, AB, and O
• ABO blood types


  • Type A has A marker and produces anti-B antibodies, Type B has B marker and produces anti-A antibodies, Type AB has both A and B markers and produces no antibodies, Type O has no markers and produces both anti-A and anti-B antibodies
• Rh factor


  There are two possibilities, Rh-positive (has Rh factor) and Rh-negative (lacks Rh factor), Rh-positive blood has no antibodies and can receive either type, Rh-negative blood has antibodies and can only receive Rh-negative blood
• myel/o


  bone marrow
• • apheresis


  removal, carry away
• • crit

  separation of
• • cytic


  pertaining to cells
• • cytosis


  more than the normal number of cells
• • emia


  blood condition
• • ic


  pertaining to