Test for Anions

• Sulfate Ions:

  • Add dilute nitric acid, then add aq. barium nitrate
  • White precipitate formed
• Sulphite ions:

  Add acidified potassium permanganate and heat

  Color changes from pink to colorless
• Halide ions:

  Add nitric acid, then aqueous silver nitrate
• Halide Ions:

  Chloride (Cl-) -> White precipitate

  Bromide (Br-) -> Cream precipitate

  Iodide (I-) -> Yellow precipitate
• Nitrate Ions:

  • Add aqueous sodium hydroxide then add warm aluminium foil
  • Pungent gas produced, turns damp red litmus blue
• Carbonate ions:

  • Add dilute hydrochloric acid
  • If bubbles/ gas produced turn limewater cloudy, carbonate ion present