chem lesson 3

• Atom


  An electrically neutral particle with an equal number of electrons and protons
• Ion


  An atom that has become charged by gaining or losing electrons
• Sodium ion formation


  1. Sodium atom loses one electron

  2. Electron farthest from nucleus is lost

  3. Sodium acquires full outer shell and electron configuration of Neon
• Fluoride ion formation


  1. Fluorine atom gains an electron

  2. Fluorine acquires negative ionic charge and electron configuration of Neon
• Aluminum ion formation


  1. Aluminum has three outer electrons

  2. Metals tend to lose electrons

  3. Aluminum loses three electrons to become Al3+
• Sulfide ion formation


  1. Sulfur has six electrons in third orbit

  2. Sulfur reacts to gain two electrons

  3. Sulfur forms stable sulfide ion S2-
• Cation


  Ion with positive charge
• Anion


  Ion with negative charge
• Naming ions


  • Cation name is same as element
  • Anion name adds "ide" to stem