DONE CHEM

• liquid has sufficient molecular attraction to resist forces tending change their volume
• gas widely dispered and move freely
• gas offers no resistance change shape and volume
• solid resistance to any change in shape, caused strong attraction between molecules composed
• plasma charged gaseous particles containing equal numbers of negative and positive ions
• plasma sometimes called fourth state of matter
• physical change is change in phase or state of substance
• physical change remained unchanged
• chemical change is change composition of its molecules changes
• chemical change original substance are lost, new substance with new properties are produced
• solid to liquid is melting, fusion
• solid to gas is sublimation
• liquid to solid is freezing
• liquid to gas is vaporation
• gas to liquid is condensation, liquefaction
• gas to solid is condensation, deposition
• homogeneous is mixture have a uniform composiition
• heterogeneous mixtures have non uniform composition
• apple juice: homogeneous
• orange juice with pulp: heterogeneous
• italian salad dressing: heterogeneous
• chocolate dough: homogeneous
• carbohydrate include type of sugar, starch
• carbohydrate source of energy in plant bodies
• carbohydrate is classified according to simple sugar unit or "saccharides"
• elements is substance cannot be broken down in to simpler substance by ordinary means
• compounds is a substance that made up of two or more elements joined by chemical bond
• compound can be created or broken down by means of reaction but not by mechanical or physical techniques
• ninety elements known to occur in nature and 22 more have been made artifically
• atom is smallest unit of an element that has the properties of the element
• molecule is the smallest unit of a compound or form of an element in which atoms can bind together that has properties compound
• nucleus is very small compared with the rest of atoms and contain most atomic mass
• the size ratio of the atom to nucleus is 10,000 to 1
• electron carries negative electric change with an assigned value of -1
• proton carries positive electric charge with a sign value of +1
• the mass of proton is 1836 times the mass of electron
• neutron has nearly same mass as proton, but no electric charge
• atomic number equals to number protons and neutrons in nucleus
• isotopes atoms same element having same number of proton but different number of neutron
• term isotopes from greek word "same place"