Lesson 7

• Copyright

  • Legal device that gives the creator of a literary, artistic, musical, or other creative work the sole right to publish and sell that work.
  • Copyright owners have the right to control the reproduction of their work, including the right to receive payment for that reproduction.
  • They can grant or sell the rights to publishers and recording companies.
  • Infringement: violation of copyright
• Copyright Infringement

  • Risk is mostly related to the conduct of users themselves.
  • Seen as fraud by the holder and puts the violator at risk of penalty (whether it may be deliberately or accidentally)
• Plagiarism

  • Using or closely imitating the language and thoughts of another author without authorization
  • Representation of other’s work as own (not crediting the original author).
• Creative Commons

  • Internationally active non-profit organization that provides free licenses for creators to use when making their work available to the public.
  • Licenses help the creator to permit others to use the work in advance under certain conditions.
• John Wetzel

  • Allowing other people to use his materials hasn’t helped competitors; it’s created allies.
  • Runs WikiPremed, an MCAT training course
  • All of his materials are licensed under a Creative Commons license, allowing anyone to use and redistribute them, even commercially.
  • “People see that you are trying to help students and they value that, and it makes them happy to help you.”
• Creative Commons License

  • Allows the creator of the work to select how they want others to use the work.
  • Members of the public know what they can and can’t do with the work.
  • They only need to seek the creator’s permission when they want to use the work in a way not permitted by the license.
  • Covered by rights and obligations stated in Creative Commons baseline rights.
• Creative Commons License Types

  1. Attribution (By)
  2. Share-Alike
  3. Non-Commercial
  4. No Derivative Works
• Attribution (By)

  Letting others copy, distribute, display, and perform your copyrighted work and derivative works based upon it only if they give credit the way you request. They must attribute the original work when they create an adaptation.
• Share-Alike

  Derivatives are licensed under the same or compatible license as the original. Have very few compatible licenses.
• Non-Commercial

  You let others have rights of attribution but for non-commercial purposes only.
• No Derivative Works

  You let others copy, distribute, display, and perform only verbatim copies of your work – but not derivative works based on it. It lets you make and use changes privately – but you cannot share your adaptation with others.
• Tips/Guides in Selecting CC License

  1. Aim to retain your rights, and make your content as open as permitted: anticipate future needs and retain your rights as an author.
  2. Consider other requirements, such as funder licensing and copyright restrictions for the IP or third-party copyright content used in your work
  3. Optional license elements:

  • Allow the creator to select the different ways they want the public to use their work.
  • Mix and match the elements to produce the CC licensee they want.
  • Simple and quick way for creators to indicate how they wish their work to be used.
• Public Domain

  • Creative materials not protected by intellectual property laws (copyright, trademark or patent laws).
  • The public owns these works
  • Can be used without permission.