Family Planning

• Family Planning


  The practice of controlling the number of children in a family and the intervals between their births, primarily by means of contraception or voluntary sterilization
• Learning Objectives


  • Understand the Concepts and Benefits of Family Planning
  • Explain the definition and objectives of family planning
  • Discuss the benefits of family planning for individuals, families, and communities
  • Identify Various Contraceptive Methods Describe the different types of contraceptive methods (natural, barrier, hormonal, intrauterine, permanent)
  • Explain the mechanisms of action, effectiveness, benefits, and potential side effects of each contraceptive method
• Attitudes


  • Promote a Non-Judgmental Approach
  • Respect Client Autonomy
  • Understand the menstrual cycle and its relevance to family planning
  • Recognize Indications and Contraindications
  • Understand Legal and Ethical Considerations
• Skills


  • Perform thorough assessments to determine the most suitable contraceptive method for clients
  • Provide Effective Counseling
  • Demonstrate cultural sensitivity and respect for diverse beliefs and practices related to family planning
• FPP in the Philippines


  The Philippine Family Planning Program is a national program that systematically provides information and services needed by women of reproductive age to plan their families according to their own beliefs and circumstances
• Goals and Objectives of FPP in the Philippines

  • Universal access to family planning information, education and services
• Mission of FPP in the Philippines

  To provide the means and opportunities by which married couples of reproductive age desirous of spacing and limiting their pregnancies can realize their reproductive goals
• Roles of the Community Health Nurse in Family Planning Services

  • Giving the patient education about the methods of contraception
  • List the advantages, disadvantages, and risk of the chosen method
  • Encourage a positive attitude toward family planning
  • Evaluate the patient's knowledge
  • Lead group discussion facilitate communication and answer questions
  • Prepare the client for examination, and clarify and instructs the client
  • Answering general questions concerning contraceptive methods
  • Teaching correct use of contraceptive methods
• Roles of Nurses


  • Health educator
  • Counselor
  • Health care provider
  • Advisor
  • Facilitator
  • Supervisor
  • Administrator
  • Evaluator
  • Co-ordinator
  • Researcher
• Responsibilities of Nurses in FP services

  • Encourage and support the couple if they desire to have a small family
  • Educate/Teach the methods of family planning to an individual, couple and group by using ICE materials of FP
  • Counseling the client and then help the client to get rid of their fear, doubt, concerns by given clear information and clearing up misunderstanding and removing misconception
  • Help the client to choose the one which suits her and her family by providing the accurate information about the FP device
  • Support and provide warmth to the couple to begin and continue the use of FP device
  • Carryout case finding and follow-up the couple who need FP services
  • Prepare the physical set up of FP clinic
  • Management of clinical set up
  • Arrangement of an examination room and waiting room
  • Supervise the cleaning of the rooms
  • Preparation and sterilization of equipments and supplies
  • Maintain the principle infection prevention during all procedure of FP
• Warning Signs


  • Pills: Abdominal pain (severe), Chest pain (severe), Headache (severe), Eye problems (blurred vision, flashing lights, blindness), Severe leg pain (calf or thigh)
  • Injectables: Dizziness, Heavy bleeding, Severe headache
  • BTL: Fever, Weakness, Rapid pulse
  • Ligation: Persistent abdominal pain, Vomiting, Dizziness, Pus of tenderness at incision site, Amenorrhea
  • Vasectomy: Fever, Scrotal blood clote or excessive
• Natural Family Planning


  Methods that do not include any chemical or foreign body introduction into the human body
• Reasons for using natural family planning

  • Religious beliefs
  • Cost effective
• Abstinence


  Abstaining from sexual intercourse, the most effective natural birth control method with ideally 0% fail rate
• Calendar rhythm method


  Using past menstrual cycles to estimate the time of ovulation, the least reliable method of birth control
• Basal Body Temperature (BBT)


  The woman's temperature at rest, falls at 0.5°F before the day of ovulation and rises during ovulation due to progesterone, ideal fail rate of 9% and typical use fail rate of 25%
• Cervical Mucus Method


  Checking changes in cervical mucus during ovulation, when used typically has a fail rate of 25%
• Symptothermal Method


  Combination of BBT method and Cervical Mucus method, has an ideal failure rate of 2%
• Ovulation Detection


  Over the counter kit that can predict ovulation through the surge of luteinizing hormone, 98% to 99% accurate
• Lactation Amenorrhea Method


  Suppressing ovulation through exclusive breastfeeding, not effective if infant is not exclusively breastfed
• Coitus Interruptus


  The couple proceeds with coitus but the man withdraws before ejaculation, 75% effective
• Hormonal Contraception


  • Oral Contraceptives
  • Transdermal Patch
  • Vaginal Ring
  • Subdermal Implants
  • Hormonal Injections
• Oral Contraceptives


  Give the newly pregnancy of pills on the fifth day of her menstrual period
• Transdermal Patch


  Combination of estrogen and progesterone, applied weekly for 3 weeks, no patch applied in the 4th week
• Intrauterine Device (IUD)


  Small, T-shaped object inserted into the uterus, prevents fertilization by creating a local sterile inflammatory condition, effective for 5 to 7 years
• Chemical Barriers


  Spermicides, vaginal gels and creams, and glycerin films, cause death of sperm and lower vaginal pH, ideal fail rate of 80%
• Diaphragm


  Circular, rubber disk that fits the cervix, inhibits entrance of sperm into the vagina, ideal fail rate of 6% and typical fail rate of 16%
• Cervical Cap


  Soft rubber thimble-shaped device fitted on the rim of the cervix
• Male Condoms


  Latex or synthetic rubber sheath placed on the erect penis, ideal fail rate of 2% and typical fail rate of 15%
• Female Condoms

  Latex rubber sheaths designed for females, prelubricated with spermicide, fail rate of 12% to 22%
• Surgical Methods


  Most effective birth control methods, used by either the male or the female to inhibit conception