sci

• the word "atom" came from the Greek word _____

  atomos
• atomos means ____

  cannot be divided
• In 400 BC, a philosopher named ______ thought that all materials can go smaller by cutting them, but a certain limit will be met.

  Democritus
• In 1803, a British scientist named _____ revived the idea of atoms when he presented his atomic theory.

  John Dalton
• Matter is made up of tiny, invisible, and indivisible particles called ____

  atoms
• who made the "Solid Sphere model"?

  John Dalton, 1803
• who made the "PLUM PUDDING MODEL"?

  J.J. Thomson, 1904
• who created the "NUCLEAR MODEL"?

  Ernest Rutherford, 1911
• who made the "PLANETARY MODEL"?

  Niels Bohr, 1913
• who made the "QUANTUM MODEL"?

  Erwin Schrödinger, 1926
• The protons and neutrons constitute the dense, central core of an atom, which is called the ____

  nucleus
• the positively charged particles found inside the nucleus of an atom.

  Protons
• negatively charged particles found outside the nucleus of an atom, in a region called an atomic orbital.

  Electrons
• neutral particles, which means that they have no charge.

  Neutrons
• Atoms with a similar number of protons but with a different number of neutrons are called ____

  isotopes
• refers to the number of protons in an atom.

  Atomic number (Z)
• the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

  Mass number (A)
• a detailed way of showing the arrangement or distribution of electrons around the nucleus.

  Electron configuration
• a region in space outside the nucleus where there is a high probability of finding the electrons.

  Each orbital can only contain up to two electrons.

  Orbital
• The process in which only the phase of the substance changes, not its identity

  Physical change
• physical properties that depend on the quantity of matter.

  Extensive properties
• occurs wherein the reactants or the initial substances form into products or new substances.

  Chemical reaction
• 7 Intensive properties

  color

  taste

  boiling point

  freezing point

  density

  hardness

  luster
• 6 extensive properties

  mass

  volume

  length

  shape

  energy

  enthalpy
• what type of phase change is "gas to solid"?

  deposition
• what type of phase change is "solid to liquid"?

  melting
• what kind of phase change is "solid to gas"?

  sublimation
• what kind of phase change is "gas to liquid"?

  condensation
• what kind of phase change is "liquid to solid"?

  Freezing
• what kind of phase change is "liquid to gas"?

  Evaporation
• what kind of phase change is "gas to liquid"?

  condensation
• do not depend on the amount of matter that the substance has

  Intensive properties
• those that are observed physically about the substance at its natural state.

  Physical properties
• grouped the elements in a triad and increasing mass.

  Johann Döbereiner
• the one who created the first periodic table.

  John Newlands
• made observations of elements that have the same chemical and physical properties

  Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev and Julius Lothar Meyer
• arranged the elements in increasing atomic numbers.

  Henry Moseley
• states that when elements are arranged in increasing atomic numbers, their physical and chemical properties recur in a predictable and periodic manner, thus the name periodic table of elements.

  modern periodic law