Pre-1936 part 1

• who won the national elections on 12th April 1931

  Republicans
• when did Alfonso XIII go into exile

  14th April 1931
• what were the four parties in the Provisional Government

  PSOE, moderate republicans, radical republicans, conservatives
• who was head of the PSOE

  Cabellero
• who was head of the moderate republicans

  Azana
• who was head of the radical republicans

  Lerroux
• who was head of the conservatives

  Zamora
• what did the second republic constitution state

  secular education, free speech, voting rights for women, legalised divorce
• what was the catholic church banned from

  education
• when were Jesuits expelled

  January 1932
• where were there attacks on religious buildings

  Madrid and Barcelona
• how many senior military officers were there at the time of the second republic's formation

  15,000
• what was the rise of unemployment between 1931 and 1933

  400,000 - 600,000
• why did people struggle to make a living

  had very small plots of land which they worked on
• how much were Spanish stocks and shares worth

  63% of their 1929 value
• how much was industrial output of the 1929 figure

  77%
• how many deputies did the PSOE have

  115
• how many deputies did the moderate republicans have

  150
• how many deputies did the radical republicans have

  90
• how many deputies did the conservatives have

  10
• what did the PSOE want

  social change for workers
• what were the moderate republicans views

  anti-clerical
• what were the radical republicans views


  did not like radicalism of socialists
• what did the conservatives want

  no monarchy, landowners, army and catholic church
• what were the 6 early reforms

  military, agrarian, church-state, industrial modernisation, education, regional
• how many senior military figures were forced to retire

  40% (8,000)
• who was angered by the military reform


  Franco
• what were the successes of the military reform

  saved money and advanced liberal democracy
• what were the failures of the military reform law

  army angered and increased opposition
• when was the agrarian reform law

  1932
• what did the agrarian reform law do

  focused on larger states over 56 acres
• when was the law of municipal boundaries introduced

  1931
• what were the successes of the agrarian reform


  initial enthusiasm
• what were the failures of the agrarian reform

  failed due to economic conditions, only resettled a few families, neither left nor right was satisfied
• what articles separated the church and state

  articles 26 and 27
• why did Azana dislike the catholic church

  he thought it was responsible for holding back social and economic progress
• what happened to religious teaching

  banned
• what happened to priests

  stopped giving them state salery
• what were the successes of the church-state reform

  the Spanish Jesuit order of priests was expelled, Catholicism was weakened
• what were the failures of the church-state reform

  Azana's government seen as dismissive, government looked anti-clerical