COMPARATIVE THEORIES

Cards (55)

  • What are the three comparative theories
    liberalism / realism / anarchical theory
  • what is realism
    explains international relations in terms of power relationships between nation states
  • what is liberalism
    focuses on organisations and states, lots of positive opportunities and also conflict. liberals aren't opposed to conflict as long as every other opportunity has been tried
  • what are the five liberalist key thinkers
    locke / kant / keohane and nye / wilson / Fukuyama
  • what is Lockes theory in terms of liberalism
    believes in human nature (social contract) states can use reason to cooperate
  • what is Kants theory on liberalism
    treat others how you want to be treated - categorical imperative - liberty is essential
  • what's keohane and nye's theory on liberalism
    states fortunes interconnected through trade - the exchange of values and ideas. war between states that trade is unlikely (complex interdependence)
  • what does Kant study in particular
    human rights - Kants moral framework and democracy
  • how is GDP growth different in countries that trade and are peaceful
    GDP per capita growth is 3x higher
  • what did wilson study in regards to liberalism
    Woodrow Wilson was a president during ww1 and created the League of Nations to maintain peace
  • what's the League of Nations
    the first Intergovernmental organisation to promote International cooperation and to achieve international peace and security  
  • what did the League of Nations lead to
    creation of the UN
  • what was Fukuyama's theory
    end of history
  • what's the end of history theory
    Fukuyama's theory that liberal democracies and free-markets would be dominant and conflict declines as more democracies arise as a final form of government
  • what three components are in the liberal triage
    IOs / democracy / economic independence
  • what's does the liberal triangle promote
    peace
  • what do liberals argue that alliances are based off
    national interests and to build power
  • what are some main liberal ideas 

    rise in democracy / universal values / decline in conflict / optimistic on human nature / growth in trade / growth of IOS
  • what does the growth of International organisations do
    Promotes peace and cooperation
  • What does the growth in trade need to
    decline in war
  • what does the rise of democracy lead to
    Change in the structure of the state
  • what do universal values lead to
    shared morality
  • what's the liberal view on human nature
    humans are selfish but have the ability to be rational
  • what are trade wars
    countries attacking each other with tariff increases
  • what is the democratic peace theory
    argues that no 2 democracies have fought an interstate war since 1816
  • who created democratic peace theory
    doyle
  • what do classical realists believe about human nature
    humans are selfish
  • what's the Neo-realist view on human self interested nature
    The system of international politics forces people to be selfish
  • who are the five realist key thinkers
    Hobbes / Thucydides / machiavelli / morgenthau / waltz
  • what was Hobbes realist theory
    International anarchy - if there is no leviathan international anarchy must be in place
  • what does international anarchy lead to
    motivation to be selfish and go to war
  • what is Thucydides realist theory
    Focuses on relative power - the ability for one nation to influence and control others (power countries dictate global affairs)
  • what is machiavelli's realist theory
    Concentrate on expedient actions (the manipulation of public and military alliances which defend the rich and control power)
  • what's morgenthau's theory
    He is a classic realist and argues international politics governed by universal laws based on human nature and national interests means that nations most base actions on practicality and nations should seek power the peace is preferable
  • what's waltz theory
    Billiard ball model
  • what is waltz realist argument
    Argues nations seek power because the system encourages it and distributed amongst states - states goal is survival
  • what's the Billiard ball model
    that nations with more power are bigger balls on the table and nation with less power are smaller balls (these can change) sovereignty is the hard outer shell and the balls sizes represents their power
  • name some powerful countries
    china / US / Russia
  • name some key realist ideas
    International anarchy / states a unitary actors / states are selfish / states seek power / war is inevitable / danger of arms race / states are expedient
  • What is meant by states are unitary actors
    they have one Single voice