geography

• climate change


  how the eaths climate is changing in different ways constantly
• glacier


  river of ice. they can be small or may take up a whole valley
• ice cap


  sized area of ice covering an area of more than 50000 km
• ice shelf


  area of ice that is attached to a glacier
• ice berg


  chunk of ice that has broken off to float away over the sea
• Glacier


  Slowly moving mass of densely packed snow that has fallen in the same place over years and years
• Glacier formation


  Fresh fall of snow adds to the weight, crushing the layers of snow below, turning it into ice
• As glacial ice moves very slowly downhill


  Pieces of rock and gravel get stuck between the ice and the land, forming a coarse surface, similar to the sand on sandpaper
• Erosion by glaciers


  1. Plucking - rocks get frozen to the base, sides and back wall of the glacier, the movement of the glacier pulls these frozen rocks away

  2. Abrasion - rocks trapped in the glacier rub against the valley floor wearing it away like sandpaper
• Moraine


  Eroded material, such as rock, that is moved by the glacier
• Transportation by glaciers


  Eroded material is frozen inside the glacier, carried on the top of it, or pushed in front of it
• Deposition by glaciers


  As ice starts to melt, the moraine is dropped off, this is now known as till or boulder clay
• If all of the Earth's glaciers were to melt, sea levels would rise by an estimated seventy metres
• adaptation


  feautre animals and plants have to survive
• mitigation


  taking steps to reduce something