Nerves & hormones

• 2 functions of the nervous system

  React to surroundings, Co ordinate behaviour
• order of the neurones

  Receptor - sensory neurone - synapse - relay neurone - synapse - motor neurone - effector
• Two parts of the central nervous system

  Brain, spinal cord
• How does information get across the synapse

  • a chemical releases from the first neurone
  • diffuses across the gap
  • binds to the next neurone
• 2 types of effector

  Muscle , glands
• How glands make a response

  Secrete hormones
• Scientific name of the hormone system

  Endocrine system
• Where are hormones produced and secreted from

  Glands
• How do hormones move around the blood

  Blood
• What do we call the organ which a hormone effects

  Target organ
• what Is the master gland called

  pituitary
• Define homeostasis 


  Keeping body conditions constant, even if external conditions change, so conditions are optimum
• Homeostasis maintains optimal conditions for…

  Enzymes
• 3 conditions which keep the body constant

  Temperature, water levels, blood glucose concentration
• 2 systems the body has to control conditions

  nerves, hormones
• What do we call a change in environment

  Stimulus
• Name the organ which monitors and controls blood glucose concentration

  Pancreas
• Which organ produces insulin

  Pancreas
• What type of chemical is insulin

  hormone
• When is insulin produced

  When blood Glucose is too high
• Target organ for insulin

  Liver
• What does insulin make the liver and muscles do

  • remove glucose from blood
  • Turn it into glycogen to store it
• What causes type 1 diabetes

  Pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin
• What problem can type 1 diabetes cause

  Blood glucose levels are too high
• How can type 1 diabetes normally be controlled

  Insulin inhections
• What must a diabetic person do before injecting

  Test blood glucose levels
• What causes type 2 diabetes

  Body cells no longer produce insulin
• How can type 2 diabetes be controlled

  Carbohydrate controlled diet
• Risk factor of type 2 diabetes

  Obesity
• What causes secondary sexual characteristics to develop

  Hormones
• Female reproductive hormone 


  Oestrogen
• Gland which produces oestrogen

  Ovary
• How often do womens ovaries release a egg

  28 days
• What is ovulation


  The release of on egg
• Male reproductive hormone 


  Testosterone
• What does testosterone stimulate

  Sperm production
• Which hormone causes the egg to mature

  FSH
• Which hormone causes the egg to release

  LH
• 2 hormones which maintain the lining

  Oestrogen, progesterone
• where is FSH and LH produced

  Pituitary gland