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topic 8
8.2
GMOs
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genetic engineering
technique used to deliberately modify specific characteristics of an organism
-involves
removing gene
that codes for
desireable
characteristic
-transferring gene
into another organism
-desired gene then
expressed-organism
now contains
recombinant DNA
and is a genetically modified organism(GMO)
genetically modified microorganism(bacteria)
1)restriction enzyme used to remove
gene coding
for a desired
protein
from an organisms genome
2)
many
copies of gene are made using
PCR
3)these copies are inserted into
plasmids
, which then transfer copies into microorganisms(plasmid is the vector)-ligase joins
gene
to vector
4)GMMO grown in
large fermenters- multiply
and produce
large quanities
of the new protein
5)
protein
isolated and purified before
packaged
and distributed
genetically modified plants
gene inserted into
plasmid
, transferred to bacterial cell,bacteria can be used to infect plants for introducing gene to
plant
gene transferred from
bacterial
cell into plant cell nucleus-each cell of
plant
contains copy of gene coding for desired protein
protein can now be purified from
plant
tissues or
plant
can be eaten
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