FINAL EXAM REVIEW

• Define the problem


  Step 1
• Form a Hypothesis


  Step 2
• Hypothesis


  A prediction of what will happen in the experiment that will be supported or disproved after it is tested
• Control Group


  The standard used to compare results with, it usually receives a standard treatment, placebo, or no treatment at all
• Only one independent variable can be tested at once so that we know that variable was the cause of the results
• Qualitative Data


  Descriptive observations
• Conclusions


  Explain the results of the experiment
• In the conclusion we accept or reject the hypothesis
• Scientists make claims based on evidence and reasoning
• Amy wanted to know the effect of fertiliser on plant growth

  
• Independent Variable


  Presence of fertiliser in water
• Dependent Variable


  Height of plant
• List 2 Constants


  • All other conditions were kept the same
• Why is it important to have a control group?
• Why do you experiment with large numbers?
• Why do we only test one independent variable at a time?
• What conclusion can be made?
• The experiment verifies the hypothesis that fertiliser benefits plant growth

  
• Atom


  Tiny building blocks of all matter
• Elements


  The same type of atom (with the same number of protons)
• Chemical Symbol


  A one or two letter designation of an element
• Subscript


  The small number that tells you how many atoms of the element in front of it are in one molecule
• Reactants


  Starting substances
• Products


  The final substances that are formed during a chemical reaction
• Rearranging atoms


  During chemical reactions, atoms that make up the reactant substances are rearranged into different product molecules, then these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants
• Conservation of mass


  During chemical reactions, the total amount of each type of atom is conserved and thus the mass does not change
• Optimum temperature


  The best temperature to make the most product
• Optimum pH


  The best pH for the reaction to occur most efficiently
• Label diagram with the following letters: A = molecule of an element with more than 1 atom, B = a molecule of a compound, C = single atom of an element
• Compounds, Molecules, or Elements?

  • Carbon
  • Carbon Dioxide
  • O2
  • 3H2O
  • CO2
• Compound


  • Elements
  • # of Molecules
• • 2C6H12O6
  • 3C9H8O4
• Characteristics of Life


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• Vacuole


  stores water, nutrients, waste
• Field of View

  the diameter of the circle of light seen under the microscope
• Nucleus

  holds the ________ and _________ the cell
• Celȋ MemȁȫȀnȞ


  layers around the cell that lets ______ ______ _________ of the cell
• VacȔȨȋe


  ______________ water, nutrients, waste
• Celȋ waȋȥ (pȋaȧtȒ onȋȲ)

  _______________ layers around the cell that gives plant cells ______________
• ChȋoȫȎpȋȚȬtȒ (pȋaȧtȒ onȋȲ)


  creates ___________ for the plant cell through ________________________.