injuries & drugs

• Types of Soft Tissue Injuries

  • Muscles
  • Ligaments
  • Tendons
  • Cartilage
• Soft tissue injury


  Becomes inflamed
• Treatment for soft tissue injury

  Reduce swelling, prevent further damage, ease pain
• Sprain


  Over stretch or tear a ligament, caused by sudden twist or wrench
• RICE treatment for sprain

  1. Rest

  2. Ice

  3. Compression

  4. Elevation
• If a sprain is severe, treat it as a fracture
• Strain


  Stretch or tear a muscle or tendon, caused by sudden stretch or extra muscular effort
• RICE treatment for strain

  1. Rest

  2. Ice

  3. Compression

  4. Elevation
• Types of Minor Soft Tissue Injuries

  • Grazes
  • Blisters
  • Bruises
  • Cramps
  • Stitch
  • Cuts
• Hard Tissue Injuries


  • Fractures
  • Stress fractures
• Fracture


  Break in a bone
• Types of Fractures


  • Simple (closed) fracture
  • Compound (open) fracture
• Complicated fractures involve damage to nerves and muscles
• All fractures are serious and need urgent medical treatment
• Stress fracture


  Small cracks in a bone, often overused injuries caused from too much running on hard surfaces
• Treatment for stress fracture

  1. Use ice to reduce inflammation

  2. Get immediate rest

  3. Keep fit by doing other activities

  4. Run on soft surfaces
• Dislocation


  A bone at a joint is forced out of its normal position, ligaments around the joint may also be damaged
• Treat all dislocations as fractures
• RICE treatment


  1. Rest

  2. Ice

  3. Compression

  4. Elevation
• REST


  Reduce internal bleeding and prevent further injuries
• ICE


  Reduce blood flow, pain and swelling
• COMPRESSION


  Reduce internal bleeding and swelling
• ELEVATION


  Reduce internal bleeding, swelling and throbbing