Crime and Punishment

Cards (4)

  • Death Penalty
    • Roman: Decemation - 1/10 soldiers killed for desertion
    • Anglo Saxon: Blood Feud for killing between families, Serious crimes such as treason or Arson were published by death
    • Norman: William I preferred castration and blinding to the death penalty
    • Medieval: Hanging was used for serious crimes, In 1381 hung Drawn and Quartered was introduced for treason
    • 17th and 18th Century: Bloody Code - By 1688 50 crimes were punishable by death
    • 19th Century: Bloody Code - By 1810 222 crimes were punishable by death, 1868: Public execution was abolished as it seen as ineffective, Hung, Drawn and Quartered was last used in 1870
    • 20th Century: In 1906 the death penalty was abolished for under 16s and in 1933 for under 18s, In 1965 the Death Penalty was abolished in practise
  • Prison
    • Roman:
    • Anglo Saxon: Only used to hold a suspect until trial or punishment
    • Norman: Only used to hold a suspect until trial or punishment
    • Medieval: Mostly only used to hold a suspect until trial or punishment, Introduction of debtors prison
    • 17th and 18th Century: Mostly only used to hold a suspect until trial or punishment, Debtors prison
    • 19th Century: First Prison set up (Pentonville - 1842), Prisoner kept separate and silent through use of mask, no names, isolation and hard work, Focused on reform and reflection
    • 20th Century: First youth Prisons (Borstals) set up in 1902 in Kent, In 1935 Open prisons were established to support minor prisoners in transition back to society. E.g. they were to go to work in the day, Flogging in prison was abolished in 1948, In 1988, Young Offenders Institutions were set up. These were for offenders aged between 18 and 21 years old. Inmates have 25 hours a week of education.
  • Community and Public Punishments
    • Roman: Fights to the death in public arenas such as the colosseum in Rome
    • Anglo Saxon: Stocks and Pillory used for minor crimes
    • Norman: Stocks and Pillory used for minor crimes, Murdrum Fine introduced
    • Medieval: Stocks and Pillory used for minor crimes, Murdrum Fine abolished
    • 17th and 18th Century: Stocks and Pillory used for minor crimes, Transportation used for serious crimes. 7, 14 or 21 year sentence to Australia
    • 19th Century: Stocks and Pillory used for minor crimes, Transportation used for serious crimes. 7, 14 or 21 year sentence to Australia, Transportation abolished in 1868
    • 20th Century: Probation was introduced in 1907. When on probation a person has to follow a set of rules laid down by the court, Since 1967 a judge can give a suspended sentence. The offender does not go to prison unless they commit another offence during the period of the suspended sentence. Deferred sentences are a variation of suspended sentences, From 1972 community service sentences can be given for crimes, such as damaging property, theft, assault.
  • Financial Punishments
    • Anglo Saxon: Wergild - compensation for committing murder, General Fines
    • Norman: Murdrum Fine - a crippling fine for the whole village if a Norman was murdered and the culprit was no found
    • Medieval: Murdrum Fine abolished in 1327, General Fines