5.1-5.2 Growth of America and slavery

• When was the war for independence against Great Britain?

  1776-1783
• What were the orginial states?

  • Delaware • Georgia

  • Maryland

  • Massachusetts

  • New Hampshire

  • New Jersey

  • New York

  • North and South Carolina

  • Pennsylvania

  • Virginia
• How many original states were there?

  13
• Reasons for growth of USA:

  • George Washington (first president) fought wars aganist Natives and took lands

  • Slaves owners wanted to expand plantation, especially in warm south

  • Louisiana purchase in 1803 - 530 million acres of land for $15 million

  • USA was surrounded by potential enermies so expanded to protect themselves
• Conflicts during 1789-1838:

  • Americans vs Natives - land taken up by Natives, forced Natives to move west

  • North vs South - North thought slavery was unfair competition and old fashioned, South though North were greedy, morally corrupt and threat to their way of life

  • Abolitionists vs Slave owners- thought slavery was immoral and wanted to stop, slave owners felt threatened
• Impact of slavery:

  • South

  -> in 1820 cotton made up 42% of US exports

  -> shipped overseas to Europe

  -> between 1815-19 around 100,000 enslaved people sold in south

  • North

  -> bought cotton off south, turned into cloth and sold across America

  -> invested in southern businesses
• When did the Missouri Compromise come into place?

  1820
• What did the Missouri compromise do?

  solved imbalance of for/against slavery by making those north of Missouri against slavery and those south for
• How did slavery expand?

  • old south (from original 13 states) opened new plantations in deep south

  • children of enslaved became slaves

  • cotton gin seperated cotton fibres 50x faster, more slaves needed to pick cotton quicker

  • banks payed out loans to slave owners - pay back with interest when harvest came in

  • presidents mainly from south so did not try to stop