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• The executive branch is also called law enforcement. They execute all the laws, policies, and programs in the interest of the public. They follow and exercise the duties and responsibilities of a government.
• Executive power


  Vested in the President of the Philippines
• The President is the Head of State and Head of Government, and functions as the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.
• As chief executive, the President exercises control over all the executive departments, bureaus, and offices.
• The President and the Vice-President of the Philippines


  Elected by direct vote by the people for a term of six years
• President


  • May only serve for one term and is ineligible for re-election
• Vice-President


  • May run for re-election once
• Term of the President and the Vice-President of the Philippines starts

  Noon on the 30th day of June after the election
• Qualifications for President


  • Natural born Filipino
  • A registered voter
  • Must be able to read and write
  • 40 years of age at the day of the election
  • Must have resided in the Philippines ten years before the election is held
• The qualifications for the President are the same for the Vice President.
• Duties of the Vice-President

  • May concurrently assume a cabinet position
  • Becomes President in case of the death, disability, or resignation of the incumbent President
• Powers of the President


  • Power of control over the executive branch
  • Power ordinance power
  • Power over aliens
  • Powers of eminent domain, escheat, land reservation and recovery of ill-gotten wealth
  • Power of appointment
  • Power of general supervision over local governments
  • Other powers
• The President may appoint anyone to executive departments with the consent of the Commission on Appointments.
• The President may appoint anyone to cabinet posts even if Congress is in recess. These appointments are valid until the Commission on Appointments disapproves them, or at the end of the next session of Congress.
• Cabinet secretaries


  Act as the alter ego of the President executing, with his authority, the power of the Office of the President in their respective departments
• The President of the Philippines is mandated to supervise local governments all over the country. However, because of Republic Act No. 7160, otherwise known as the Local Government Code of 1991, local governments enjoy relative autonomy from the national government.
• Line of succession


  • Vice President
  • Senate President
  • Speaker of the House of Representatives
• Should there be a vacancy in the Office of the Vice President, the President of the Philippines is required by the constitution to nominate a replacement with the concurrence of the Committee on Appointments.
• Compensation of the President and Vice-President

  Shall be determined by law and shall not be decreased during their tenure. No increase in said compensation shall take effect until after the expiration of the term of the incumbent during which such increase was approved. They shall not receive during their tenure any other emolument from the Government or any other source.
• Assumption of office of the President-elect and Vice President-elect

  1. Shall assume office at the beginning of their terms

  2. If the President-elect fails to qualify, the Vice President-elect shall act as President until the President-elect shall have qualified

  3. If a President shall not have been chosen, the Vice President-elect shall act as President until a President shall have been chosen and qualified

  4. If at the beginning of the term of the President, the President-elect shall have died or shall have become permanently disabled, the Vice President-elect shall become President

  5. Where no President and Vice-President shall have been chosen or shall have qualified, or where both shall have died or become permanently disabled, the President of the Senate or, in case of his inability, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, shall act as President until a President or a Vice-President shall have been chosen and qualified
• Selection of one to act as President

  The Congress shall, by law, provide for the manner in which one who is to act as President shall be selected until a President or a Vice-President shall have qualified, in case of death, permanent disability, or inability of the officials mentioned in the next preceding paragraph
• Succession of the Vice-President

  1. In case of death, permanent disability, removal from office, or resignation of the President, the Vice-President shall become the President to serve the unexpired term

  2. In case of death, permanent disability, removal from office, or resignation of both the President and Vice-President, the President of the Senate or, in case of his inability, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, shall then act as President until the President or Vice-President shall have been elected and qualified

  3. The Congress shall, by law, provide who shall serve as President in case of death, permanent disability, or resignation of the Acting President. He shall serve until the President or the Vice-President shall have been elected and qualified, and be subject to the same restrictions of powers and disqualifications as the Acting President
• Filling of vacancy in the Office of the Vice-President


  The President shall nominate a Vice-President from among the Members of the Senate and the House of Representatives who shall assume office upon confirmation by a majority vote of all the Members of both Houses of the Congress, voting separately
• Procedure for special election in case of vacancy in the offices of the President and Vice-President


  1. The Congress shall, at ten o'clock in the morning of the third day after the vacancy in the offices of the President and Vice-President occurs, convene in accordance with its rules without need of a call and within seven days, enact a law calling for a special election to elect a President and a Vice-President to be held not earlier than forty-five days nor later than sixty days from the time of such call

  2. The bill calling such special election shall be deemed certified under paragraph 2, Section 26, Article VI of this Constitution and shall become law upon its approval on third reading by the Congress

  3. Appropriations for the special election shall be charged against any current appropriations and shall be exempt from the requirements of paragraph 4, Section 25, Article VI of this Constitution

  4. The convening of the Congress cannot be suspended nor the special election postponed

  5. No special election shall be called if the vacancy occurs within eighteen months before the date of the next presidential election