B1

• Nucleus

  Contains genetic information
• cytoplasm

  contains all living cells and is where reactions take place
• cell membrane

  controls what moves in and out of the cell
• mitochondria

  site of aerobic respiration and releases energy for cellular processes
• ribosomes

  where protein is made
• vacuole

  keeps the cell turgid
• chloroplast

  absorbs light for photosynthesis
• cell wall

  strengthens cell
• Flagellum

  For movement
• prokaryotic cell example

  bacteria cell
• eukaryotic cell examples

  animal cell and plant cell
• what features are only found in prokaryotic cells

  circular DNA, pili, capsule, plasmid, mesosome
• what features are only found in eukaryotic cells

  nucleus, chloroplast, mitochondria, vacuole
• Why is it important to use a thin layer of epidermal tissue

  you will able to see better and so the iodine soaks in properly
• why do you add iodine to the cells

  to stain the cells to see clearly
• why do you start at the lowest magnification

  to have a view of everything so that if you want to zoom in on a specific part you can
• Size of image calculation

  Actual size of object x magnification
• What is microbiology?

  Bacteria reproduce by a type of asexual reproduction called binary fission
• What are the ideal conditions for microorganism?

  food availability, pH, temperature, removal of products
• What is a zone of inhibition?

  The bacteria that has been killed
• what is the difference between antiseptics and antibiotics?

  Antiseptics prevent the growth of bacteria on the skin‘s surface whereas antibiotics kill bacteria directly
• aseptic method

  Sterilise an inoculating loop by using a bunsen burner for the wire to turn orange, glide the loop over the agar, close the petri dish and tape it, incubate at 25 degrees
• Cell cycle stages

  Each double chromosome splits into 2 identical copies, each copy moves to the ends of the cell, 2 new nuclei form with full set of chromosomes, the cell divides into 2 identical cells
• Stem cells

  Cells that haven’t differentiated to become specialised
• what is diffusion?

  The net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
• What is osmosis?

  the net movement of water particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a partially permeable membrane
• Animal cell in a hypotonic solution

  The water concentration is higher in the solution outside the cell, it will absorb more water so it can burst
• animal cell in isotonic solution

  equal amounts of water move in and out of the cell because the concentration of water is equal
• animal cell in hypertonic solution

  The water concentration outside is lower than the concentration in the cell so it will move out from the cell and shrink
• plant cell in hypotonic solution

  the water moves into the cell because it has a high water concentration. the vacuole swells and bursts
• plant cell in isotonic solution

  The water leaves the cell and the cell becomes flaccid
• plant cell in hypertonic solution

  Water leaves the cell and vacuole (plasmolysis)
• What is active transport?

  The movement of ions across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration