rebellions

Cards (6)

  • Northern Rebellion 1569
    • Causes: Norfolk planned to marry Mary & weaken Cecil’s position at Court, pro-Catholic. Supported by Dudley, Northumberland & Westmorland. Dudley confesses, Norfolk flees & tells others not to rebel
    • Event: Northumberland & Westmorland called to Court, fear punishment & begin rebellion. 5000 rebels take NE England, false promise of Spanish support. Rebellion disorganised
    • Consequence:Catholics stay loyal, short battle & lords escape to Scotland. Westmorland escapes abroad, Northumberland betrayed by Scots & beheaded. Norfolk imprisoned for 9 months
  • The Ridolfi Plot 1571:

    • Causes: Italian banker, Ridolfi working to restore Catholicism to England after Papal Bull. Plan = 6000 Spanish troops land in Essex, rebellion of 40000 Englishmen, kill Elizabeth & replace with Mary who married Norfolk, both agreed – Norfolk to regain power & Mary for her freedom.
    • Events: Walsingham’s network discovered conspiracy.
    • Consequences: Ridolfi abroad, escaped punishment, Spanish Ambassador expelled. Norfolk arrested & executed (after Parliament & Privy Council pressure). Mary, banned from succession but Elizabeth refused to execute her despite pressure.
  • The Throckmorton Plot 1583:

    • Causes: Francis Throckmorton planned with Spanish, French force backed with their money to invade, Mary to be crowned after Jesuit led rebellion.
    • Events: Walsingham uncovered the plot, tortured Throckmorton, confession.
    • Consequences: Throckmorton executed, Spanish Ambassadors banned, Bond of Association (no benefit to plotters from Queen’s death), Mary escapes due to lack of evidence. Walsingham determined to find some.
  • The Babington Plot:

    Causes: Harsher house arrest treatment by Puritan gaoler for Mary, pushed into new plot. Babington wrote letters in code by recusant Anthony Babington; ideas about Spanish invasion
    Events: Walsingham discovers letters, double-agent in Mary’s house, passes letters to be de-coded. Mary writes consent to assassinate Queen
  • The babington plot consequences
    • Mary placed on trial, managed defence eloquently but found guilty. Parliament & Privy want her executed. Elizabeth refuses to sign death warrant, does from Spanish threat. Tells secretary not seal it, Privy Council do it anyway & she is executed. Cecil banished for 6 months, secretary imprisoned & Spanish prepare Armada as Catholic retaliation
  • Mary, Queen of Scots Background:
    Queen as a baby, went to France married French King came back a Catholic during Scottish Reformation when he died (1561). Mary potential heir to England, Elizabeth’s childlessness leaves her keen. Marries drunken Darnley, murdered. Bothwell marries Mary, (possibly murderer) and Civil War breaks