Pollution reduction policies

• EXAMPLE: London:


  UK refuses to commit to immediate lowering of air pollution limits

  WHO - P.M's 2.5's = 10

  UK Gov = 25

  WHO - P.M's 10's = 20

  UK Gov = 40
• Los Angeles example - causes:

  • 90% are by car & 160 million km driven/day
  • Cooler air sinks in LA basin
  • Cars and industries produce photochemical smog
  • UV radiation energises reaction by which gaseous wastes e.g NOX are transformed into photochemical smog
  • San Gabriel mountains block lateral diffusion, basin shape traps pollutants further
• Pollution reduction strategies in LA:

  1 - CARB

  2 - Greenhouse gas emission

  3 - ZEV

  4 - Low-carbon fuel standard ~ refineries

  5 - Innovative Clean Transit regulation
• 1. CARB


  California Air Resources Board

  • The clean air agency in the gov of California
  • Goals ~ attaining and maintaining healthy air quality; protecting public from exposure to toxic air contaminates; providing innovative approaches for complying with air pollution rules and regulations
• 2. Greenhouse gas emissions limits

  • 2020 GHG emissions limit = 430 metric tonnes of CO2 equivalent
  • 2016 = Senate Bill 32 requires California to decrease statewide GHG emissions to 40% below 1990 level by 2030
• 3. ZEV

  • Less that a million O+ near 0 emission vehicles on California roads
  • Growing network of EU charging & hydrogen fuelling stations influenced by 0-emissions policy worldwide
• 4. Low-carbon fuel standard - refineries

  • Aim to cut GHG emissions & other smog forming & toxic air pollutants by improving vehicle tech, decrease fuel consumption and carbon intensity of transportation fuel pool, increase renewable, low-carbon fuels
• 5. Innovative Clean Transit regulation (2018)


  100% of new buses will be ZEB's by 2019 and full transition by 2040