The biosphere

• Most living organisms require gases from the atmosphere, water from the hydrosphere and nutrients and minerals from the geosphere
• Most of the biosphere - contained within a shallow surface layer of the earth, encompassing the lower part of the atmosphere, the surface of the geosphere, and approximately the upper 100 meters of the ocean
• Biosphere has existed for about 3.8 billion years
• the biosphere earliest life forms that survived without oxygen are called prokaryotes
• The 3 UNESCO biosphere reserve in the Philippines: Albay Biosphere Reserve, Palawan Biosphere Reserve, and Puerto Galera Biosphere Reserve
• Albay Biosphere Reserve was designated by UNESCO in 2016
• Albay Biosphere Reserve is located at the southern end of the Luzon Island of the Philippines that covers 250,000 hectares
• The Albay Biosphere Reserve is home to Mayon Volcanoes, which is listed in the tentative list of UNESCO
• Palawan Biosphere reserve was designated by UNESCO in 1990
• Palawan Biosphere Reserve is home to over 50 ethnolinguistic groups such as Pala'wan, Batak, Tagbanua
• UNESCO - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization