reproductive system

• progesterone - maintains the lining of the uterus
• Estrogen - A hormone secreted by the ovaries that stimulates the development of female secondary sex characteristics
• Ovulation is when one mature egg cell is released from the ovary into the fallopian tube during menstruation.
• The menstrual cycle consists of three phases: Menstruation, Proliferative phase, Secretory phase.
• The menstrual cycle begins with the shedding of the endometrium, which occurs about every 28 days on average.
• Proliferative Phase: The first phase of the menstrual cycle where the follicle matures under the influence of FSH and LH. Estrogen production increases, causing the endometrial cells to divide rapidly and thicken the uterine wall.
• Menstrual Phase (Days 1-5) - The uterus lining (endometrium) sheds, causing menstrual bleeding.
• Proliferative Phase (Days 6-14) - The endometrium thickens and regenerates.
• Secretory Phase (Days 15-28) - The endometrium becomes thick and nutrient-rich.
• Follicular Phase (Days 1-13) - The pituitary gland releases Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), stimulating several follicles in the ovaries to grow.
• Ovulation (Around Day 14) - The egg is released from the ovary.
• Luteal Phase (Days 15-28) - The empty follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone (and some estrogen).
• seminal vesicle - produces fluid that nourishes sperm and helps it move
• prostate gland - secretes alkaline fluid that neutralizes acidity of urethra and provides energy for sperms
• penis - male organ used for sexual intercourse; contains spongy tissue filled with blood vessels called corpora cavernosa
• scrotum - sac containing testicles
• testicles - produce testosterone and sperm cells