Energy

• a system is a group of objects or an object
• kinetic energy formula


  0.5 * mass(kg) * (speed)^2
• elastic potential energy equation


  0.5 * spring constant * (extension)^2
• specific heat capacity equation

  change in energy = mass * specific heat capacity * change in temperature
• law of conservation of energy

  energy can be transferred, dissipated, or stored
• work done equation


  force * distance
• power equation 1


  energy transferred / time
• power equation 2


  work done / time
• efficiency equation


  useful power output/ total power input
• kinetic energy is energy stored in moving objects
• GPE equation


  mass(kg) * gravitational field strength * height
• elastic potential energy is the energy stored in a stretched spring
• gravitational potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position above the ground
• Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 degree
• work done is the energy transferred by a force acting over a distance
• power is the rate at which work is done or energy is used up
• efficiency is how much energy is being transferred to useful stores
• to cool buildings we need to use materials with a low thermal conductivity
• we can reduce heat loss by filling cavity of wall with an insulating material, double glazed windows and loft insulation
• energy from fossil fuels come from coal, oil and natural gas
• advantages of fossil fuels are that they are cheap, reliable and versatile
• disadvantages of using fossil fuels is that it releases greenhouse gases and it is non renewable
• the advantages of renewables are that they don't release greenhouse gases and they are renewable
• the disadvantage of renewables is that they aren't always reliable and they damage habitats
• the advantages of nuclear power are that it releases no greenhouse gases and its reliable
• the disadvantages of nuclear power are that there is the risk of radiation leaks and waste disposal
• The UK energy mix is mostly oil and gas with portions of renewable energy
• the future of the UK energy mix is nuclear energy as a base, natural gas providing during peak demand and renewable as the major source