Reviewer

• Linear


  the arrangement of 2 electron domains – the two outer atoms are 180° from each other
• Trigonal Planar


  The arrangement of 3 electron domains
• Tetrahedral


  the arrangement of 4 electron domains
• Trigonal bipyramidal


  the arrangement of 5 electron domains.
• Detergency


  one of the most common applications of surfactants in cosmetics is for cleansing formulations
• Make-up


  any substances or products use to enhance the appearance
• Saponifiers


  a strong alkaline chemicals that convert animal fats and oil into natural soaps.
• Builders

  It give the cleaning solution the strength that enables it to withstand heavy soil loads.
• Herbicide


  this chemical used to kill weeds or unwanted plants.
• Bactericide


  this chemical used to kill bacteria.
• Insecticides


  this chemical used to kill insects
• Fungicides


  this chemical used to kill fungus.
• Algaecides


  this chemical used to kill algae
• Piscicides


  this chemical used to kill fishes
• Geometric isomers


  this is also called cis-trans isomerism
• Diastereomers


  Stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other
• Enantiomers


  Stereoisomers which are non-superimposable mirror images of each other.
• Stereoisomers


  Isomers having the same molecular formula but different spatial arrangement of their atoms is known as stereoisomers.
• Structural Isomers


  It has the same molecular formula but different bonding sequence
• Stereochemistry


  The study of three-dimensional structures of molecules
• Toxic substance


  It can be defined as a broad group of chemicals capable of causing harm to plants and animals including humans.
• Carbon monoxide


  It is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas produced by the burning of carbon or materials containing carbon.
• Sulfur Oxides


  It produced from automobile exhaust, petroleum refineries, paper manufacturing, and chemical industries.
• Nitrogen Oxides


  It is often referred to as “laughing gas"
• Particulates


  It come from a number of sources, including automobile emissions, smokestacks, or blowing dust.
• Organic chemicals


  It obtained from material produced originally by living organisms (petroleum, coal and plant residues).
• Benzene


  It has been used as a solvent in rubber, inks, adhesives, and transformer fluids
• Lead


  It is primarily used in the manufacture of batteries, plastics, china, ceramic glass, and paint products.
• Mercury


  It is used to produce vapor lamps, fluorescent tubes, thermometers, and electrical products
• Mycotoxins


  Toxic substances produced by a large number of molds (fungi) and are highly toxic to animals and humans.
• Mycotoxicosis


  Syndrome resulting from the ingestion of mold toxin and contaminated food.
• Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers


  They were used in plasticizers, adhesives, and as dielectric fluids in capacitors
• Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances


  It refers to a group of synthetic chemicals, used in the production of nonstick kitchenware and adhesives resistant to water and grease.
• Detoxications


  Biotransformation that eliminate the ultimate toxicant or prevent its formation
• Apoptosis


  It programmed cell death, is a tightly controlled, organized process whereby individual cells break into small fragments that are phagocytosed by adjacent cells or macrophages without producing an inflammatory response.
• Phenols


  It is used to make plastics and as a disinfectant in both household cleaning products and consumer products, such as mouthwashes
• Nitrosamines


  Some have been used as anesthetics.
• Phthalates


  They are typically colorless liquids used to make plastics more flexible and resilient, and are often referred to as plasticizers.
• Volatile organic compounds


  It includes acetone and automotive gasoline
• Fungicides


  Are used in the treatment of fruit trees and vegetables and have a relatively low toxicity.