solutions vocab

• Mixture


  a compound made up of two or more chemicals
• Homogenous


  consisting of elements that look the same

  looks like one piece
• Heterogenous


  consisting of multiple different looking elements
• Solution


  homogenous mixture of one or solutes dissovled
• solution chemistry


  study of chemical reactions that occur in solutions
• solute


  component in a solution that has smaller quantity
• solvent


  component in a solution that has a greater quantity
• saturated


  something that needs to be less concentrated
• unsaturated


  A solution that contains less than the maximum amount of dissolved solute in a concentration.
• soluble


  capable of being dissolved
• insoluble


  incapable of being dissolved
• solubility


  A measure of how much solute can dissolve in a given solvent at a given temperature.
• dissociation


  seperation of an ionic compound into its ions as the compound dissolves in the solution
• dilution


  Adding water to a solution in order to decrease the concentration
• Aqueous


  Physical state where ions are dissociated and surrounded by water molecules
• conductivity of substances


  -able to conduct electricity if there are mobile ions or electrons present

  -electricity able to conduct through moving charges

  -if no mobile ions/ charges then electricity can not move
• metals conductivity


  high

  mobile electrons in crystal lattice
• ionic solids conductivity


  none

  no mobility in crystal lattice
• Aq ionic compounds conductivity

  high

  fully dissociated mobile ions
• covalent molecules conductivity


  none

  have no mobile charges
• water conductivity


  low

  only slightly dissociates into ions
• polar vs nonpolar solvents

  -polar or ionic solutes tend to dissolve in polar solvents

  -nonpolar solvents tend to dissolve in nonpolar solvents
• will all compounds dissolve?

  no, covalent molecules generally do not dissociate
• acids


  sour,conducts electricity, produces H2 (g) when reacted with certain metals, produces salt and water when reacted with a base
• bases


  bitter, conducts electricity, feels slippery, produces salt and water when reacted with an acid
• titration


  -process/ technique where a solution of known concentration and volume is used to find another solution of unknown concentration though the determination of the equlivalnce point
• Equlivance point


  the point in the titration where moles H+ = moles OH-