Earth Science G11 1ST SEM

• Earth is the only planet to harbor life
• Earth has molten nickel-iron core gives rise to an extensive magnetic field
• Evidences to make the Earth habitable

  • temperature
  • atmosphere
  • energy
  • nutrients
• The atmosphere protects us from harmful solar radiation that would otherwise be lethal.
• Life seems to be limited to a temperature range of -15C to 115C
• Earth's atmosphere is about 100 miles thick
• Life is supported and sustained by planet
• About 70% of the surface of the Earth is covered by liquid or frozen water
• Earth is sometimes called a "blue planet"
• Terrestrial Planets

  • mercury
  • venus
  • earth
  • mars
• Jovian Planets

  • jupiter
  • saturn
  • uranus
  • neptune
• Venus and Mars don't have oxygen
• Venus has no water
• Therefore if the Earth is like Goldilocks, it will take the right position in our solar system
• With a steady input of either light or chemical energy, cells can run the chemical reactions necessary for life
• Atmosphere is the gaseous later above Earth's surface primarily composed of different gases such as nitrogen and oxygen
• Atmosphere contains 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen,

  0.04% carbon dioxide, >1% argon and >1% other gases
• Hydrosphere is the water part of the Earth that includes the solid (ice&glaciers), liquid, and gaseous water in the planet
• 71% of our planet Earth is covered by water, 97% of salt water found in oceans, and 3% is fresh water
• Geosphere is the part of the Earth that consists of the entire planet from the center of the core to the crust
• Inner Core composed of solid, iron, and nickel
• Outer Core composed of molten iron and nickel.
• Mantle is the thickest layer and the crust is the thinnest later
• The lithosphere is the rigid outermost shell of the earth which is made up of the crust and upper mantle
• Asthenosphere is the lower portion of the lithosphere where rocks can flow slowly over time
• Biosphere is the zone of the Earth where all forms of life exist
• The Earth's core is responsible for Earth's magnetic field
• Meteorology is the study of the atmosphere
• The Earth's outermost layer is the crust
• The Earth's inner most layer is the core
• Minerals are the building blocks of rocks
• Natural Occurring is the product of Earth's natural processes
• Inorganic - it must be the product of Earth's physical processes
• Homogenous Solid - minerals should have definite volume and rigid shape
• Crystalline - mineral has regular internal structure that repeats itself at intervals