Battery

• S39 Criminal Justice Act 1988. 
• It is defined as applying unlawful force onto a victim. 
• Can be slightest touching (Collins V Wilcock)
• force can be indirect (Haystead)
• act can be indirect (DPP V K)
• can be an omission (Santa-Burmudez) 
• Mens rea of battery was intention (Mohan)
• D was subjectively reckless as to applying force to the victim (Cunningham)