module 4

• what is the biggest taxonomic group?

  kingdom
• what are the seven groups?

  kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species
• why do scientists classify organisms?

  to identify species, to predict characteristics and find evolutionary links
• what is the most recent level of hierarchy added to the taxonomic groups?

  domain
• what are the three domains?

  archaea, bacteria and eukarya
• what are the species of humans?

  homosapiens
• what is the definition of a species?

  a group able to reproduce fertile offspring
• what is an example of an aminal who is infertile and therefore not a species?

  a mule bred by a donkey and horse
• why are some animals infertile?

  their cells contain an odd number of chromosomes meaning that meiosis cannot take place
• what language is binomial nomenclature?

  latin
• how does the binomial nomenclature work?

  all species are given a name consisting of two parts where the first word indicates the organisms genus (generic name) and the second word indicates the organisms species (specific name)
• when naming an organism with its scientific name what should it be written in?

  italics or underlined
• is the first letter of the genus name upper or lower case?

  lower
• what genus does the "Ambystoma mexicanum" belong to?

  Ambystoma
• what species does the "Capra aegagrus" belong to?

  aegagrus
• which kingdom contains single-celled organisms without membrane-bound organelles?

  prokaryotae
• what are the five kingdoms?

  prokaryotae, protocista (the prokaryotes), fungi, plantae and animalia (the eukaryotes)
• which kingdom contains single-celled organisms with membrane-bound organelles?

  protoctista
• what do protoctista sometimes contain?

  chloroplasts
• how are nutrients absorbed in prokaryotae?

  through cell walls or produced internally by photosynthesis
• how are nutrients acquired in protoctista?

  by photosynthesis (autotrophic feeders), ingestion of other organisms (heterotrophic feeders) or both as some are parasitic
• which kingdom can both unicellular and multicellular organisms?

  Fungi
• which kingdom contains autotrophic, multicellular organisms?

  plantae
• what is an example of fungi?

  mushrooms, moulds and yeast
• what is the cell wall of fungi composed of?

  chitin
• do fungi have chloroplasts or chlorophyll?

  no
• what is the bogy fungi made of?

  threads of hyphae
• how are nutrients acquired in fungi?

  by absorption from decaying material (saprophytic feeders) and some are parasitic
• how do fungi store food?

  glycogen
• what kingdom contains the most organisms?

  animalia
• which kingdom is the second largest?

  plantae
• what type of feeders are the plantae kingdom?

  autotrophic feeders as they make their own food
• how to plantae store food?

  as starch
• what is the cell wall of plants composed of?

  cellulose
• do animals have cell walls?

  no
• how do animalia kingdom move?

  cilia, flagella or contractile proteins
• how are nutrients acquired by animalia kingdom?

  ingestion (heterotrophic feeders)
• which kingdom contains multicellular heterotrophic organisms?

  animalia
• which kingdom is unicellular and have no nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles?

  prokaryotae
• how many kingdoms are in the eurkaya domain?

  4